asif和asthough用法最新分析和总结.pdf

浅谈 as if/as though 的用法 1．在通常情况下， as if 和 as though 所引导的从句的谓语动词多 用虚拟语气，表示所叙述的情况与事实相反。具体用法如下： 1)谈论现在情形的，用过去时（动词 be 用 were,也可用 was）： Why is she looking at me as though she knew me? 他为什么那样看 我？像是认识我似的。 He behaves as if he owned the house.他的样子好像他拥有这个房子。 He treats me as if /as though I were a stranger. He speaks as if he were an Englishman. It ’s not as though he was /were poor. 2)谈论过去情形的动词形式有以下几种： a)过去式，表示过去的状态，如： He looked at me as if I were mad. 他那样看我，好像我是个疯子。 He stood there looking at the train and laughing, as if to miss a train was the best joke in the world. 他站在那里， 望着火车哈哈大笑， 好像误了火车是天底下最开心的事 儿似的。 Mr. Coleman always talked as if he knew everything. 但是，如果状态动词带有持续时间状语，则用过去完成时： They talked as if they had been friends for years. Now it is as though she had known Millie for years. 情态动词亦用过去时： She felt as though she could hardly endure such a life. 她觉得简直无法忍受这样的生活。 b)过去完成时，表示过去的动作先于主句动词而发生或完成，如： It was as if he had lost his last friend. “I remember, ” she tells her children now, “how wild his white hair looked—— as if it had been electrified. ” 必须注意的时，在指过去的动作时，即使主句是现在时， as if 从句 中的动词也要用过去完成时： You look as if you ’d seen a ghost.你好像是见了鬼似的。 He talks about Rome as though he had been there himself. 他讲起罗马的情况来就好像他亲自到过那里似的。 c)过去进行时，表示动作正在进行： He heard a noise, as if someone was breathing. He ran as if ghosts were chasing him. I felt as if the ground were slipping beneath my feet. 我感到大地仿佛在 脚下滑动。 d)过去将来时，表示将要发生的事态： It looked as if it was going to snow. He opened his lips as if he would say something to you. 2. 如果 as if 后面的从句所表示的情况时真实的或很可能时真实的， 则动词可以用陈述语气，在 feel, look, seem smell, sound, taste之后尤其如此。 Idioms 中的两个例子： He walks as if he is drunk. He walks as if he were drunk. 第一句表示 “他已经醉了 ”，第 2 句则表示 他没有醉“ ”。又如： It looks as if it is going to rain. It looks as if were going to rain. 第一例意味着快要下雨了， 第二例则意味