非谓语动词之动词不定式被动语态形.pdfVIP

非谓语动词之动词不定式被动语态形 一、复习各种时态的被动语态 ★ 被动语态的基本结构 : be+ done （以 the book , publish 为例） 一般现在 /过去时： The book is/ was published . 一般 / 过去将来时 : The book will/would be published . The book is/was going to be published . 现在 / 过去进行时： The book is/was being published . 现在 / 过去完成时 : The book has/had been published . 情态动词： The book can/could/may/might … be published . 二、不定式的被动式的基础知识： 语态 时态 主动语态 被动语态 一般式 to do to be done 完成式 to have done to have been done 进行式 to be doing 没有被动语态 完成进行式 to have been doing 没有被动语态 1）一般式： （not/never ）to be done 2 ）完成式： （not/ never ） to have been done （表示不定式动作发生在谓语动词之前） 三、▲通常在 believe, suppose, say, report 等动词构成的句子中可以进行主动语态到被 动语态以及被动语态和动词不定式的转换 .如 : They say that Mike is sick in bed. =It is said that Mike is sick in bed. =Mike is said to be sick in bed. 据说麦克卧床不起 . People believe that he was killed. =It is believed that he was killed. =He is believed to have been killed. 大家相信他被杀了 . 四、 当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者而非发出者时，不定式一般 要采用被动形式 (to be done). 语法功能： 1．作主语： It is an honour for me to be asked to speak here. 2 ．作宾语： She asked to be sent to work in Xinjiang. 3 ．构成复合宾语： He wanted the letter to be typed at once. She didn ’t like herselfto be praised like that. 1 4 ．构成复合谓语： The books are not allowed to be taken out of the room . 5 ．作定语： Are you going to the meeting to be held in the teachers ’ office? 6 ．作状语： She was too young to be assigned such work. 五、不定式有时还可以有完成式的被动式 to have been done （表示该动作是发生在主句 之前的一个被动动作） ，在句中作主语、宾语、定语，或者构成复合宾语、复合谓语等， 如： It is a g