高中英语不定式知识点整理.pdf

The Infinitive 一、动词不定式的不同形式 主动形式 被动形式 否定形式 基本式 to do to be done not to do/ not to be done 进行式 to be doing not to be doing 完成式 to have done to have been done not to have dong/not to have been done 完 成 进 行 to have been not to have been doing 式 doing 三、 动词不定式在句中作用 1. 主语 To be a good teacher requires patience. It is important for you to use your time wisely. It is brave of him to dive from the cliff. it 形式主语 ? (1)It is +adj.+ (for sb.) to do … ? easy/difficult/hard/right/wrong/unnecessary… ? (2)It is/was +adj. + (of sb.) to do … ? kind/clever/foolish/strange/polite… ? (3) It is + 名词 + to do... ? a pity/an honor/one’s duty/no easy job/good manners… 2. 宾语 We hope to have more opportunities to talk with native speakers. They asked her how to get to the railway station. (常以不定式作宾语的动词： afford , agree, ask, attempt, beg, bother, care, choose, claim, decide, desire, expect, fail , help, intend, learn, manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend,refuse, threaten, wish 等 ) 辨析不定式与动名词： 1) 动词 remember, forget, regret 后接动名词表示已经做过的动作 ,不定式表示没 有做过或将要做的动作 . ? I remember seeing him yesterday. ? I remember having seen him before. ? Please remember to see him today. 2) 动词 like, love, hate, begin, start 既可用动名词也可用不定式作宾语 ,意思基本 相同，但动名词表经常性的动作，不定式偏向一次性动作。 ? I like watching TV at home. ? I like to watch TV at home tonight. 3) ? try to do / try doing ? mean to do / mean doing ? can’t help to do / can’t help doing ? stop to do / stop doing ? go on to do / go on doing need / want / require d