核分析法与生命科学中的微量元素：同步辐射.pptx

同步辐射简介利用同步辐射开展生物结构研究的几种主要 方法;Synchrotron Radiation;同步辐射及其特性：;1947年，美国通用电器公司的一个研究小组首次在同步加速器上观测到高能电子在作弯曲轨道运动时会产生一种电磁辐射，称其为同步加速器辐射，简称同步辐射。其实，据《宋会要》记载，早在公元1054年，我国古代天文学家就观测到金牛座中天关星附近出现异象：“昼见如太白，芒角四出，色赤白，凡见二十三日。”这是人类历史上第一次详细记载超新星爆炸。这颗超新星爆炸后的遗迹形成今夜星空的蟹状星云。现代天文学家确认该星云的辐射，包括红外线、可见光、紫外线和X射线的宽频谱，正是高能电子在星云磁场作用下产生的同步辐射。; A synchrotron source is an exceedingly powerful source of light based on the technology of particle accelerators. Bunches of charged particles-electrons- circulate for several hours inside a ring-shaped, long tube under vacuum. Due to the action of special magnet systems, the electrons emit “synchrotron light” whose wavelength can range from infrared radiation to x-rays. ; For one relativistic electron, as it is circulated, it emits an energy Uo for each circulation, where;When the relativistic electrons are deflected through the dipole magnets, they may produce intense electromagnetic radiation called synchrotron radiation. SR is emitted by electrons whose speed is very close to that of light and whose trajectory is curved by a magnetic field.;Principle of Emission;;Collimation;Shape of light spot from XAFS beamline at NSRL;Definitions of intensity for a synchrotron light source;;Critical Energy;同步辐射装置;Development of SR facilities;NSRL;二. 利用同步辐射开展生物结构研究的几种主要 方法;SXRF;特征X射线(荧光)的激发原理;荧光波长的特征;SXRF特点;特征X射线的激发效率;X荧光谱的本底来源;不同激发源对样品的损伤比较;单色X光对元素的特征激发;同步辐射微探针(微束荧光分析);This image is a calcium map of a S-pm-thick cartilage section;全反射;SPRING 8; 动物细胞在不同生理条件下Fe/Zn比值变化;衰老与肝细胞中的Zn，Fe的关系;