大三下pt等多个文件大二上病理inf9th.pptxVIP

NANJING MEDICAL UNIVERSITYChapter 2InflammationJennifer LeeLyq_52245@163.comWhat is Inflammation? a protective response involving host cells, blood vessels, and proteins and other mediators that is intended to eliminate the initial cause of cell injury, as well as the necrotic cells and tissues resulting from the original insult, and to initiate the process of repair. Why do we use anti-inflammatory drugs sometimes? Those who kill the microbes may also injure the normal tissues. When the reactions are too strong, prolonged or inappropriate, damage may become dominant.Related with chronic disease and cancer.Stimuli for Inflammation Anything that hurt cellsInfection Trauma and various physical and chemical agents Tissue necrosis Foreign bodies Immune reactions Recognition of Microbes, Necrotic Cells, and Foreign Substances Phagocytes, dendritic cells and epithelial cells… express receptors that sense the presence of infectious pathogens and substances released from dead cells. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) Inflammasome uric acid and extracellular ATP cholesterol crystals and free fatty acids What is going on? Inflammation is a stereotyped response Exudates Dilute toxins Destroy causative agents Remove debris Isolate the damaged area Initiate repairingThe components of acute and chronic inflammatory responses and their principal functions 5 cardinal signsCellulitisAeromonas hydrophila infection following puncture with fishing hookChronic glomerulonephritisTypes of inflammationAcute inflammationShort durationNeutrophils (PMNs) accumulationFluid and plasma protein exudationChronic inflammationLonger durationAccumulation of M? and lymphocytesProliferation of fibroblasts and blood vesselsFeatures of Acute and Chronic Inflammation Feature AcuteChronicOnsetFast: minutes or hoursSlow: daysCellular infiltrateMainly neutrophilsMonocytes/macrophages and lymphocytesTissue injury, fibrosisUsually mild and self-limitedOften severe and progressiveLocal and systemic signsProminent