比较基因组学与分子进化.pptxVIP

比较基因组学与分子进化会计学比较基因组学与分子进化在生命科学研究中应用及贡献1.模式生物测序的意义 模式生物 DNA测序技术2.新学科的快速诞生3.推动物种起源和生物进化发展4.研究思路和方法突破Genetics VS Reverse geneticsBreakthrough and milestone for genomic eraNew fields of biology open up Genetics VS Reverse genetics Case analysis in model organismKey Point of Understanding DevelopmentWhat Genes involved in a given development process How those genes (and proteins) work at cellular/molecular level How those genes (and proteins) activities are regulatedHow to identify Genes critical in a given development process1. Genetics: What wrong with a mutant lacking a functional gene tells the normal role of the gene. Start with mutants, then the gene how it works2. Reverse genetics: Starting with a gene of known identity, modifying its expression or activity to reveal its development functionFour model organismsMouseDrosophilaC.elegansArabidopsisDrosophila mutant affects WING development Normal (wild type, WT) Mutant Arabidopsis seedling developmentIn the lightIn darknessWild typeWild typeMutant Why Reverse genetics (From gene to phenotype/function)1. Many undefined genes are sequenced due to the advancement of sequence technology2. Can control where, when, and how much an active gene product to be made3. Easy to design specific mutations into the gene product4. Add TAGs to a gene product to simplify its study within the cell5. Create mutation on gene that has no available mutation or not feasible to haveWhy Reverse genetics: From gene to phenotype/function1. Many unknown genes are sequenced due to the advancement of sequence technology2. Can control where, when, and how much an active gene product to be made3. Easy to design specific mutations into the gene product4. Add TAGs to a gene product to simplify its study within the cell5. Create mutation on gene that has no available mutation5’ control regionprotein coding region3’ control region3 common ways to control where, when, andhow much an active gene product in a cell1. Utilization of desirable r