【英语】高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习和答案.docxVIP

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【英语】高中英语虚拟语气讲解及练习和答案.docx

虚拟语气 虚拟条件句就是对现实条件的一种虚拟假设, 所假设的条件一般不符合事实或与事实相 反或在现实中发生的可能性微小; 依据时间的不同, 虚拟条件句可分为三种, 即与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句, 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句及与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句; 详细情形请看下表: 与过去事实相 条件状语从句 主 句 should /would/could/might + have + 过 反 had + 过去分词 与现在事实相 去分词 反 与将来事实相反 例句: 一般过去时 (be 用 were) would/should/could/might + 动词原形 一般过去时或 should(were would/should/could/might + 动词原形 to) + 动词原形 |精. |品. |可. |编. |辑. |资. |料. ( 1)表示与现在事实相反 If I had enough money now, I would lend it to you. ( 2)表示与过去事实相反 If he had taken your advice, he wouldn ’t have made such a bad mistake. ( 3)表示与将来事实相反 I would go shopping with you if it were to be Sunday tomorrow. 虚拟条件句的倒装 在虚拟条件句中, 为了强调所假设条件的虚拟性, 或突出说话人的一种主观愿望, 虚拟条件句可用倒装结构;虚拟条件句的倒装是通过去掉 if ,把条件从句谓语中的助动词,情态动词或系动词放在句首实现的;例如: Had I been( = If I had been ) in that situation , I would not have let the thief escape away with so much money. Should there be ( = If there should be ) a drought , what should we do at that time ? 错综时间条件句 有时条件从句的动作和主句的动作发生的时间并不一样, 这时谓语动词的形式应依据它所要表示的详细时间来确定;例如: If we hadn ’t been working hard in the past few years,things wouldn ’t be going so smoothly. 含蓄条件句 有时假设的情形并不以条件从句的形式表现出来,而是通过某个介词或介词短语(如: with , otherwise , without , but for , in that position ),上下文或其它方式表现出来;这种句子称为含蓄条件句;例如: But for the help from you , I would not have had the chance to go to college. 二,虚拟语气在某些从句中的运用 在某些词或短语后接的从句中要使用虚拟语气, 表示愿望, 建议或命令等; 依据虚拟语气的形式不同,虚拟语气可以分为 “should类 ”和“过去时态类 ”; (一) should 类 这一类的虚拟语气是通过从句中的谓语动词使用 “should +动词原形 ”表达出来的, should 可以省略;其详细运用表达在: 在 suggest , order, demand , propose, command, request, desire, insist 等表示建议,命令,要求,看法的动词后接的宾语从句中要使用虚拟语气; |精. |品. |可. |编. |辑. |资. |料. 如: He suggests that she should leave the house at once. The leader ordered that the task( should) be finished as soon as possible. He proposed that we ( should)deal with the problem by the view of development. 与 suggest, order, demand, propose, command, request,desire, insist 等动词相对应的名词 suggestion, order, demand, proposal 等后的表语从句或同位语从句中要使用虚拟语气;如:The general sent the order that the battle( should)be held on until

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