课文翻译 英美报刊阅读教程中级本 第五版 端木义万 Lesson18.docxVIP

— PAGE \* Arabic 1 — 课文翻译 英美报刊阅读教程中级本 第五版 端木义万 Lesson18 Lesson 18 Those Rugged Individuals  美国个体主义价值观  No ideal may be held more sacred in America, or be more coveted by others, than the principle of individual freedom.  在美国，没有什么理想比个人自由原则更神圣，也没有什么理想比个人自由原则更令人垂涎。  Given the chance to pursue the hearts desires, our Utopian vision claims, each of us has the ability and the right to make our dreams come true.  我们乌托邦式的愿景宣称，只要有机会去追求内心的渴望，我们每个人都有能力和权利去实现自己的梦想。  This extraordinary individualism has prevailed as the core doctrine of the New World through four centuries, bringing with it an unrelenting pressure to prove ones self.  四个世纪以来，这种非凡的个人主义一直是新世界的核心信条，随之而来的是证明自我的无情压力。  The self-made man has been Americas durable icon, whether personified by the prairie homesteader or the high-tech entrepreneur.  白手起家的人是美国经久不衰的偶像，无论是草原上的农场主还是高科技企业家都是他们的化身。”  Yet, from the beginning,the idea of a community of rugged individualists struck many as an oxymoron. In the 1830s, Alexis de Tocqueville warned that the tendency of Americans to do their own thing could very likely doom the country.  然而，从一开始，由粗犷的个人主义者组成的社会这个想法就给许多人以矛盾的感觉。19世纪30年代，亚历克西斯·德·托克维尔(Alexis de Tocqueville3)警告说，美国人自行其是的倾向很可能会让这个国家走向灭亡。  The Founding Fathers be seeched people to remain involved in community affairs.  开国元勋们鼓励人们继续参与社区事务。  And today, a chorus of critics worries that the philosophy of individualism has slipped its original moorings, threatening the well-being of the nation and, ironically, individuals themselves.  今天，许多批评家担心个人主义哲学已经失去了它最初的根基，威胁到国家的福祉，讽刺的是，也威胁到个人本身。  When the United States first came into being, most people had never even heard the word individualism.  当美国刚形成时，大多数人甚至从未听说过个人主义这个词。  Our fathers only knew about egoism, said Tocqueville, who helped coin the term to capture the new way of life in the fledgling nation.Europe, where caste systems determined so much of ones fate, had never had much practical use for individual