(完整word版)初中英语复合句中考专项讲解与练习.docVIP

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(完整word版)初中英语复合句中考专项讲解与练习.doc

▲ a 一、宾语从句 在句子中起宾语作用的从句叫宾语从句,中考主要考查的知识点有三个:引导词、语序 和时态 1宾语从句的引导词 宾语从句的引导词有三种: 1)that; 2)whether/ if ; 3)特殊疑问词 What/ when/where/ who 等。 He said that he could help me. Your mother asked if you could finish your work this week. Can you tell me whe n the sports meet ing will beg in ? (1) that引导的宾语从句: that引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当,弓I导词 that没有实际意义,不在从句中作 任何成分,that可以省略,而且从句成分齐全,句意完整。 He said (that) he could come on time.他说他会准时来的。 (2) whether或if引导的宾语从句: 从属连词if, whether引导的名词从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问转化而来的,变成从 句后,语序由原来的倒装语序变成陈述语序。 Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday. I don t care whether you like the story or not. 注意:以下情况一般只用 whether不用if。 ① 接带to的动词不定式。 She doesn t know whether to go to the zoo.她不知道是不是去动物园。 ② 与or not连用时。 I m not sure whether or not he will come on time.他能否准时来,我说不准。 (3) 疑问词引导的宾语从句: 此类宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句, 变成宾语从句后要用陈述语序, 由wh-开头的疑问词 引导。wh-词包括 who, whom, whose, what, which 等连接代词禾口 where, when, how, why 等 连接副词,这些引导词有各自的意思,在从句中要作相应的成分,不能省略。例如: Could you tell me which gate we have to go to? He didn t tell me how long he would stay here. 2、宾语从句的三个注意事项 1 )语序:宾语从句要用陈述语序,原来的倒装语序改成陈述语序时注意相应的助动词和 动词的变化等。 把这两个简单句合成一个复合句: Where does your father work? Can you tell us? Did you get home very late? He asked me. 2 )时态:如果主句是一般现在时,宾语从句根据实际情况用各种时态。 My teacher says he will be back in a week. My teacher says he has see n the movie. 如果主句是一般过去时,宾语从句用相应的过去时态。 My father said he was watching TV at that time. My father said the he had already see n the movie. 如果宾语从句是表示客观真理和规律的句子时,用一般现在时。 Our teacher told us the sun is much bigger tha n the earth. 我们的老师告诉我们太阳比地球大多了。 3)否定转移: 主句的主语如果是第一人称,从句的否定要转移到主句中,其反意疑问句与从句一致。 例如: I don t think they ll wait to the last minute. I don t believe he did this, did he? 二、定语从句 用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般放在它所修饰名词或代词的后面,这 个名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的连接词称为关系代词或者关系副词。关系代 词在从句中代表先行词可以作主语、宾语、定语等。关系副词代表先行词在从句中可 以作状语。 关系词 词形 所修饰的先行词 在从句中所作的成分 关系代词 who 人 主语、宾语、表语 whom 人 宾语 which 物 主语、宾语、表语 that 人、物 主语、宾语、表语 whose 人、物 定语 关系副词 whe n 时间名词 时间状语 where 地点名词 地点状语 why 原因名词 原因状语 1.选出正确的关系代词或关系

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