基于单片机的城市交通信号控制器的设计.docx

摘 要 近年来随着科技的飞速发展， 单片机的应用正在不断深入， 同时带动传统控制检测技术日益更新。 在实时检测和自动控制的单片机应用系统中， 单片机往往作为一个核心部件来使用， 仅单片机方面知识 是不够的，还应根据具体硬件结构软硬件结合，加以完善。 十字路口车辆穿梭，行人熙攘，车行车道，人行人道，有条不紊。那么靠什么来实现这井然秩序 呢？靠的就是交通信号灯的自动指挥系统。 交通信号灯控制方式很多。 本系统采用 MSC-51 系列单片机 ATSC51 和可编程并行 I/O 接口芯片 8255A 为中心器件来设计交通灯控制器， 实现了能根据实际车流量 通过 AT89C51 芯片的 P1 口设置红、 绿灯燃亮时间的功能； 红绿灯循环点亮， 倒计时剩 5 秒时黄灯闪烁 警示（交通灯信号通过 PA 口输出，显示时间直接通过 8255 的 PC 口输出至双位数码管） ；车辆闯红灯 报警；通过设置“看门狗电路”来防止单片机死机，提高单片机系统的抗干扰性；绿灯时间可检测车流 量并可通过双位数码管显示。本系统实用性强、操作简单、扩展功能强。 关键词： 单片机；交通灯；闯红灯；检测车流量 Abstract With the rapid development of science and technology in recent years, the application of MCU is a growing, while driving more traditional control detection technology updates. In real-time detection and automatic control of microcomputer application system, the microcontroller is often used as a core component, only the microcontroller is not enough knowledge, but also according to the specific combination of hardware architecture of hardware and software, to be improved. Crossroads shuttle vehicles, pedestrians bustling, car dealers lane, one pedestrian and orderly. Then rely on to achieve this discipline of the order it?Is the traffic lights by the automatic control system. Many traffic lights control. This system uses the MSC-51 Series MCU ATSC51 and programmable parallel I/O interface chip 8255A-centered design of traffic light controller device to realize the actual traffic flow according to the P1 port through AT89C51 to set the red, green brighten time function; traffic light cycle lights, countdown 5 seconds left when the yellow light flashing warning (traffic signal through the PA port output, display the time directly through the 8255s PC port to double-digit LED output); car runs a red light to alarm; by setting the gatekeeper dog circuit to prevent crashes MCU, MC