风切变对风力机载荷和产能的影响.docxVIP

PAGE MACROBUTTON MTEditEquationSection2 SEQ MTEqn \r \h SEQ MTSec \r 1 \h SEQ MTChap \r 1 \h 摘 要 风切变会影响风力发电机组的产能和载荷，从而影响风电建设的经济性和安全性，因此，在风力机设计过程中及风能资源评估过程中需对风切变予以考虑。 本文主要从风切变的成因、机理和时空分布特征，风切变的敏感因子分析，风切变对风力机产能的影响，风切变对风力机载荷的影响等方面进行研究，主要的方法和发现有： 1、阐述了风切变的成因和机理，总结分析了风切变的日变化、月变化、昼夜变化以及风切变随高度和风速的变化。 2、通过改变地形、热稳定度、粗糙度等因素，比较风廓线的变化情况，对风切变的敏感因子进行分析，结果表明地形和热稳定度对风廓线的影响较大，粗糙度对风廓线的影响较小。 3、利用Meteodyn WT对平原、丘陵和复杂山地的三个项目进行发电量的计算，结果表明风切变指数会对年上网电量和全场等效上网小时数的计算结果造成一定的影响。 4、在研究风力机风轮平面内的风能分布时，将风轮平面进行等距分割，并通过积分方法计算出风能分布，结果表明不考虑风切变因素时会高估整个风轮平面内的风能分布。 5、利用GH Bladed软件研究了风切变对风力机叶根、轮毂、叶片极限载荷和疲劳载荷的影响，创新性的分析了风切变对叶片不同叶素段极限载荷的影响。结果表明风切变增大时，风力机各结构部件极限载荷和疲劳载荷也会随之增大，叶片中部叶素段极限载荷增大。 关键词：风切变；发电量；载荷；热稳定度；粗糙度  河海大学硕士学位论文ABSTRACT  ABSTRACT The capacity and load of wind turbines will be affected by wind shear, as a result, the economy and safety of wind power construction will be influenced. Hence wind shear should be considered in the design process of wind turbines and the evaluation process of wind energy resources. This paper mainly discuss the causes, mechanisms and spatial distribution characteristics of wind shear, the analysis of wind shear sensitivity factors, the impact of wind shear on wind turbine capacity, and the impact of wind shear on wind turbine load, etc. The main methods and findings are as follows: 1. The causes and mechanism of wind shear are elaborated, and the diurnal, monthly and diurnal changes of wind shear as well as the changes of wind shear with height and wind speed are summarized and analyzed. 2. By changing terrain, heat stability, roughness and other factors, the changes of wind profile were compared, and the sensitivity factors of wind shear were analyzed. The results show that terrain and thermal stability have a greater impact on the wind profile, while roughness has a smaller impact on the wind profile. 3. Software Meteodyn WT is used to calculate the power generation of three projects in plains, hills and complex mountains. The results show that the wind s