专业英语试题.doc.docxVIP

— PAGE \* Arabic 1 — 专业英语试题.doc 2013-2014学年第1学期  专业英语试题  班级：2012级农林经济管理  教学班号：1  学号  姓名：  Parti Translation (English to Chinese) 50s  1.After having expanded at a vigorous 9 percent yearly rate during the first  half of the 1990s, developing countries5 agricultural export earnings are estimated to lose momentum 1997 and 1998,mainly reflecting weak  international commodity prices. Bamng unforeseeable economic and market events ,agricultural trade is expected to recover to growth rates of  about 6 percent yearly over 1999一2002 . nevertheless, agricultural trade growth would continue to lag ,by 2 to 3 percentage points, behind that of merchandise trade as a whole.  自从20世纪90年代前期，发展中国家以每年百分之九的增长率蓬勃扩张后，然而受到国际商品价格疲软走势的主要影响，在1997—1998年，其出口走势将会失去势头。排除不可预见的金融和市场危机，农业贸易有望在1999—2001年恢复到每年百分之六的增长率。尽管如此，从总体上来说，农业贸易仍将落后于商品贸易2至3个可分点。  2.Planning. The initial managerial function ——determining what shoud be  done in the future ——is called planning .It consists of setting  goals ,policies ,procedures, and other plans need to achieve the puiposes of the organization . In planning, the manager decides a course of action from various alternative courses that are available.  Planning is primarily conceptual in nature. It means thinking before acting, looking ahead and preparing for the future, laying out in advance the road to be followed, and thinking about what and how the job should be done .It includes collecting and sorting information from numerous sources to make decisions. Not only dose planning include deciding what , how when ,and by whom work is to be done ,it must also include the development of what if scenarios . A word of caution: regardless of how well a supervisors like Carol Reeves plans , cries will happen, and supervisors need to anticipate them, considering what they will do if this or that happens.  计划  最初的管理职能确定在未来应该做什么，叫做计划。它包括设定目标，策略，程序，及其他计划需要实现的组织目的。在计划中，管理  者可以从各种各样的可选的方案中选择一连串的行动。计