考研英语专业英汉互译分类真题14.pdf

考研英语专业英汉互译分类真题14 英译汉 1. Defining the meaning of happiness is a perplexing proposition: the best one can do is to try to set some extremes to the idea and then work towards the middle. To think of happiness as achieving superiority over others, living in a mansion made of marble, having a wardrobe with hundreds of outfits, will do to set the greedy extreme. To think of happiness as the joy of a holy man of India will do to set the spiritual extreme. He sits completely still, contemplating the nature of reality, free even of his own body. If admirers bring him food, he eats it; if not, he starves. Why be concerned? What is physical is trivial to him. To contemplate is his joy and he achieves complete mental focus through an incredibly demanding discipline, the accomplishment of which is itself a joy to him. Is he a happy man? Perhaps his happiness is only another sort of illusion. But who can take it from him? And who will dare say it is more false than happiness paid for through an installment plan? Although the holy mans concept of happiness may enjoy considerable prestige in the Orient, I doubt the existence of such motionless happiness. What is certain is that his way of happiness would be torture to almost anyone of Western temperament. Yet these extremes will still serve to define the area within which all of us must find some sort of balance. Thoreau had his own firm sense of that balance: save on the petty in order to spend on the essential. 答案：对“幸福”的含义作出明确的界定，这个要求令人难以把握。最恰当的做法就是，先给这个观点 划定极限，而后取其中庸。如果把幸福看成是优人一等，那么身居大理石豪宅，藏百服于橱间，可谓 贪婪。如果把幸福理解为印度圣人的愉悦，可谓脱俗之极。他一动不动地坐在那里，冥思存在的本质， 甚至达到了忘我的境地。有仰慕者递上食物，他便吃；没有，他便不吃。有形的东西在他眼里微不足 道。静思就是他的愉快，通过极其微妙的自我调整，他达到了意念的高度入定，如此境界已然令他喜 不自禁了。 他算是个幸福的人吗?可能他的幸福不过是又一种虚幻。可谁又能把这幸福从他身上抢走呢?谁敢说 这种幸福不如通过分期付款买来的幸福来的真实呢? 虽然印度圣人的幸福观在东方可能备受推崇，我却怀疑这种无所作为的幸福的真实性。可以肯定的 是，他那种获得幸福的途径对于西方性情的人来说几乎无一例外的是种折磨。可是这些极端的情形对 于界定幸福的含义还是很有帮助的，因为这样我们就可以在两者中间找到某种平衡。关于这种平衡， 梭罗有其独到的见解：舍小节，保大节。 2. How app