事故分析和屏障.pdfVIP

ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND BARRIER FUNCTIONS Erik Hollnagel, IFE (N) Version 1.0, February 1999 Table of Contents 1. Introduction 1 1.1 A Few Examples 2 1.2 Barriers And Accidents 3 2. Use And Description Of Barriers 5 2.1 The Barrier Concept In Risk Analysis 5 2.2 The AEB Model 6 2.3 Barriers And MORT 8 2.4 Barriers In Software Systems 10 2.5 Barriers And Latent Failure Conditions 11 2.6 Barriers And Field Theory13 3. Classification of Barriers 13 3.1 Classification Based On The Origin Of Barrier 13 3.2 Classification Based On Purpose Of Barrier 14 3.3 Classification Based On Barrier Location 14 3.4 Classification Based On Barrier Nature 14 3.5 A Classification Of Barriers16 3.6 Humans As Barriers18 3.7 The Examples Revisited 19 3.8 Barriers And Communication20 4. Accidents and Barrier Analysis21 4.1 Fault Trees And Accident Trees22 4.2 Two Examples23 4.2.1 Cadarache Water Spill23 4.2.2 Lammhult Train Accident25 4.3 Barrier Analysis And Event Trees 29 5. Barriers, Error Modes, and “Error Causes”29 5.1 Barriers And Error Modes 31 6. Conclusion32 7. Acknowledgements33 8. References 33 Accidents and barriers Project TRAIN ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND BARRIER FUNCTIONS Abstract. This report presents an analysis of the