2021年湖南师范大学心理学专业外语题库.docx

Chapter 1 ( 答案 D D C A C A D B C A \ F T F F T F F T T F) 1) Psychology is best defined as the scientific study of A) the mind and consciousness. B) the mental processes of individuals. C) mental disorders and abnormal （反常） behavior. D) the behavior of individuals( 个别 ) and their mental processes. 2) The first task in psychology is to make accurate observations （观测） about behavior. This means that psychologists must first ________ behavior. A) predict B) explain C) control D) describe 3) When drawing conclusions （结论） about behavior， psychologists rely on A) their own personal beliefs. B) what is known as common sense （常识） . C) objectively collected information. D) their everyday observations of people. 4) In order to investigate behavior ， researchers may use different levels of analysis. Which of the following research questions exemplifies （例子） the broadest， most global level of analysis? A) What are the origins of prejudice? B) Are there gender differences in prejudice? C) Are there differences in how various racial groups express prejudice? D) What is the role of early childhood experiences in the formation of prejudice? 5) In 1908， Hermann Ebbinghaus （艾宾浩斯） wrote that Psychology has a long past， but only a short history. Which statement best captures （描述） the idea that Ebbinghaus was expressing （表达） ? A) Psychologists， like philosophers， have difficulty learning from their mistakes. B) Questions about human nature have existed for a long time ， but only recently have the methods necessary to answer them been developed. C) The field of psychology has existed for a long time ， but only recently have scholars begun to record the accomplishments （造诣） of the profession. D) Although psychologists have been doing laboratory research for hundreds of years ， little of substance （实质） has been discovered about human nature. 6) Which statement most closely characterizes （是……特性） the current （流行） view of most