高考语法复习专题十二： 主谓一致.docxVIP

高中语法专题： 主谓一致 就近原则： there be 句型 2. not only…but also…, not …but…, or, either…or…, neither…nor… 就远原则 ①增加：with, along with, together with；as well as, as much as；in addition to, besides, plus等。 ②减去：but(除去)，except等。 ③补充说明：such as, like, including, rather than(而不是)。 The teacher?as well as the students?was?excited. 单个主语 单复数同形：deer，sheep，fish，Swiss 瑞士人，Chinese，Japanese，means手段 （注：hair，fish 多重意义） Every means has been tried. / Those means have been tried. 集体名词： family，team，class，audience(听众)若视为整体，表单数；若考虑个体，表复数。 His?family?is?larger than mine.（整体） / The?family?are?watching TV.（成员） 3.集体名词：cattle，people，police等，只有单数形式, 谓语只用复数。 twenty (head of )cattle 20头牛 只有复数：shoes，trousers，scissors，glasses,goods(货物), clothes等。 注：This pair of trousers?is?mine 不可数名词：baggage / luggage, clothing, furniture, machinery(机器), poetry(诗), scenery, jewelry，equipment，information 注意：machinery, poetry, jewelry, scenery 相应的个体可数名词是 machine, poem, jewel, scene。如：a poem / a piece of poetry 一首诗 6.mankind(人类) 不可数，不用冠词。Mankind has its own problems. 7.maths，physics，politics政治学，economics经济学等,表示“学科”，谓语单数. 8.度量/距离/金额/时间等，表示数值（看作一个整体），谓语单数。 Twelve?is?a small number. To do/ doing /从句,作主语, 谓语单数。两个以上用复数. To die for the people?is?a worthy death. 特殊情况：What we need is more time. / What we need are doctors. 整体用单数: a knife and fork， a watch and chain带表带的手表； fish and chips，bread and butter；trust and honest，law and order治安 more than one /many a 许多/ each /every谓语单数。Many?a?boy likes it. / Each boy and each girl likes it. of短语有： ①跟可数名词的，a(n) number /group of； 跟不可数名词的，a great deal of，a(n) bit / amount of。 ②跟可数或不可数名词的，some of，plenty of，a lot of，lots of，most of，the rest of，all of，half of，part of，a quantity of，分数/百分数+of。（谓语单复看后面名词） ③由“a kind of，this kind of，many kinds of”和“名词+of this kind”等，以及由与kind意义相似的type，sort，form，part，piece，section等 （与of前名词保持一致） 当“a number of／a variety of／varieties of+可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。但“the number of(表数目)和the variety of(表种类)等+可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 “a large amount of+不可数名词”，单 “