gps拟合高程代替五等水准测量精度分析与探讨.doc

GPS拟合高程代替五等水准测量精度分析与探讨 ———————————————————————————————— 作者： ———————————————————————————————— 日期： GPS拟合高程代替五等水准测量精度分析与探讨 解祥成，丰光寅，杨军 〔长江水利委员会水文局荆江水文水资源勘测局，湖北 荆州 434000〕 摘 要：近几年以来，GPS卫星定位技术已在许多领域得到广泛的应用。GPS测量的平面位置的精度己相当高，可以满足许多平面控制的要求。但是GPS测量的高程因为其高程系统不能直接应用于生产实际而需要进展转换，因此，GPS高程转换系统的研究对GPS技术在各个方面的应用有着重要的意义。由于GPS高程系统与水准测量高程系统的不一致，因此，GPS高程测量成果需要进展高程系统的转换才能在工程中应用，本文主要就GPS高程转换进展研究，论述了GPS高程转换的过程及常用方法，特别对数学模型拟合法进展了讨论，最后通过对某地区GPS拟合高程与水准高程的精度比照分析，提出了利用GPS观测值加高程点拟合求待定点高程的方法，来论述等级网GPS拟合高程可以到达普通几何水准测量的精度。 关键词：GPS高程；高程异常；高程转换；高程拟合；精度分析 Analysis and discussion of GPS elevation replacing the five grade leveling XIE Xiangcheng，FENG Guangyin，YANG Jun 〔Jingjiang Survey Bureau of Hydrology and Water Resources, The Hydrological Bureau of Changjiang Water Resources Commission,Jingzhou,Hubei,434000,China〕 Abstract： In recent years，the Global Positioning System is widely applied in the fields of Surveys． The horizontal precision in GPS surveying has been high，which can satisfy the demand of precision in some horizontal control network．But the precision of height in GPS surveying needs a further improve .so the study of GPS height transform system has important meanings for the application of GPS .This arises by the disagreement between GPS height system and level height system ,so the results of GPS surveying must process the transform of height system，which Can satisfy the need of engineering．The paper mostly studies height transform and particularly discusses mathematic fitting model， At last in this paper, fitting of a regional GPS elevation and comparative analysis of the accuracy of the standard height is proposed the use of GPS observations plus a known elevation point of seeking to be determined point of elevation fitting way to describe grade GPS network geometry fitting height can reach the standard of ordinary measurement accuracy. Keywords：GPS height；height anomaly；height transform；elevation fitting；precision analysis 为了满足工程建立和地形测量的需要，测区都要进展平面和高程控制测量。近几年以来，GPS卫星定位技术已在许多领域得到了广泛的