《药理学》试题第6章胆碱受体激动药.doc

第七章 胆碱受体激动药 【内容提示及教材重点】毛果芸香碱（pilocarpine, 匹鲁卡品）1. 作用机制：直接激动M受体2. 药理作用：对眼睛和腺体作用最明显。⑴眼睛：①缩瞳 ② 降低眼内压 ③ 调节痉挛⑵腺体：分泌增加3. 临床应用： 青光眼和虹膜炎 【作业测试题】一、名词解释1. 调节痉挛 二、选择题(一) A型题2. 毛果芸香碱对眼睛的作用是A. 缩瞳、降低眼内压和调节痉挛B. 缩瞳、降低眼内压和调节麻痹C. 缩瞳、升高眼内压和调节痉挛D. 散瞳、升高眼内压和调节麻痹E. 散瞳、升高眼内压和调节痉挛 3. 毛果芸香碱是A. 作用于M受体的药物B. N受体激动剂C. 作用于N受体的药物D. M受体激动剂E. M受体拮抗剂 4. 女性，50岁。病人因剧烈眼痛，头痛，恶心，呕吐，急诊来院。检查：明显的睫状出血，角膜水肿，前房浅，瞳孔中度开大，呈竖椭圆形，眼压升高为6.7kPa。房角镜检查：房角关闭。诊断：闭角型青光眼急性发作。该病人应立即给药治疗A. 毛果芸香碱B. 新斯的明C. 阿托品D. 肾上腺素E. 去甲肾上腺素 5. 下列哪一项与毛果芸香碱的作用无关A. 减少房水生成B. 瞳孔缩小 C. 虹膜向中心拉紧，其根部变薄，前房角间隙扩大 D. 促使睫状肌收缩，引起巩膜静脉窦扩张 E. 牵拉小梁网，使其间隙增大，房水循环通畅 6. 下列描述哪项有错？A. 支气管平滑肌上的肾上腺素受体是β2受体B. 神经节上的胆碱能受体是N1受体C. 阿托品是抗胆碱药D. 运动神经—肌肉终板上的胆碱体是N2受体E. 毛果芸香碱是节后抗胆碱药 (二) B型题A. M、N受体激动药B. M受体激动药C. N受体激动药D. M受体阻断药E. M、N受体阻断药7. 烟碱是8. 卡巴胆碱是9. 毛果芸香碱是 (三) X型题10. 关于毛果芸香碱正确的是A. 是M受体激动剂B. 治疗青光眼C. 扩瞳D. 降眼压E. 腺体分泌增加 (四) 英文选择题(X型题)11. Direct-acting cholinergic agonists include: A. pilocarpine B. echothiophate iodide C. carbachol D. tropicamide E. atropine 12. The effect of pilocarpine include: A. increased incidence of retinal tear B. increased tension in the zonules C. contraction of the ciliary body D. increased thickness of the lens E. increased permeability of the iris vessels 13. Pilocarpine: A. is an alkaloid derived from plant B. is a direct acting muscarinic agonist C. causes contraction of the longitudinal muscles of the ciliary body D. worsens myopia E. has a greater effect on patients with blue iris than brown iris 14. Pilocarpine is contraindicated in the following conditions:A. malignant glaucoma B. pseudoexfoliation glaucoma C. hypertensive uveitis D. aphakic glaucoma E. subacute angle closure glaucoma 15. The following are true about pilocarpine: A. it increases the concentration of acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft B. it increases trabeulcar meshwork outflow but decreases uveoscleral outflow C. patients with dark iris are more sensitive to the miotic effect of pilocarpine D. it increa