现代英语词汇学概论最强版复习chapter1.pdfVIP

现代英语词汇学概论最强版复习资料 Chapter 1 A General Survey Of English Vocabulary The Definition of the term 词的定义“word ” The Development of English Vocabulary英语词汇的发展史 Classification of English Words词的分类 The Definition of the term “word ” Word: a fundamental unit of speech and aminimum free form ; with a unity of sound and meaning (both lexical and grammatical meaning), capable of performing a given syntactic function. a minimum free form sound lexical and grammatical meaning syntactic function Bound form 粘着形式： Never used as sentences. Free form 自由形式： Consists entirely of two or more lesser free forms. It ’s not a phrase，is a word. The Development of English Vocabulary Native: Celtic st 1 period(449-1100): Old English or Anglo-Saxon Period (OE or AS) Celtic → Anglo-Saxon (the settlement from 450 AD.) / Old Norse / Latin 2nd period (1100-1500): Middle English Period (ME) French (the Norman Conquest in 1066) Latin 3rd period (1500-present): Modern English Period Early stages of Modern English (1500-1700) Latin (Renaissance) Greek (Renaissance) Contemporary English (1700-present): Three Romance Languages : French, Spanish, Italian Other European languages: Portuguese, German, Dutch … Non-European languages (exploration, colonization, trade) The rapid growth of present-day English vocabulary and its causes. Marked progress of science and technology. Socio-economic，political and cultural changes. The influence of other cultures and languages. Classification of English Words Three main criteria: By origin: 1. native words 本族词 2. loan words 外来词 By level of usage: 1. common words 普通词 2. literary words 书面词 3. colloquial words 口头词 4. slang