多线程和异步参考.pdfVIP

什么是同步和异步 同步是等待返回，相当于阻塞式 异步是不等待返回， 相当于非阻塞式， 可以用多线程实现 （当一个调用请求发送给被调用者 , 而调用者不用等待其结果的返回实现异步可以采用多线程技术或者交给另外的进程来处理） 2.线程的绑定 线程如果真正意义上的异步，需要线程绑定，及一个线程在指定的 cpu 上运行： 代码： /* Short test program to test the pthread_setaffinity_np * (which sets the affinity of threads to processors). * Compile: g++ pthread_setaffinity_np_test.cpp -o pthread_setaffinity_np_test -lm -lpthread * Usage: ./pthread_setaffinity_test * * Open a top-window at the same time and see all the work * being done on CPU 0 first and after a short wait on CPU 1. * Repeat with different numbers to make sure, it is not a * coincidence. */ #include stdio.h #include math.h #include pthread.h double waste_time ( long n) { double res = 0; long i = 0; while ( i n * 200000) { i ++; res += sqrt ( i ); } return res ; } void * thread_func ( void * param) { unsignedlong mask = 1; /* processor 0 */ /* bind process to processor 0 */ if ( pthread_setaffinity_np ( pthread_self (), sizeof ( mask), mask) 0) { perror ( pthread_setaffinity_np ); } /* waste some time so the work is visible with top */ printf ( result: %f\n , waste_time (2000)); mask = 2; /* process switches to processor 1 now */ if ( pthread_setaffinity_np ( pthread_self (), sizeof ( mask), mask) 0) { perror ( pthread_setaffinity_np ); } /* waste some more time to see the processor switch */ printf ( result: %f\n , waste_time (2000)); } int