船舶吊机立柱架设计与结构优化.docx

摘要 船舶吊机是海面作业的重要机械设备之一，主要对装卸的物品进行搬运。船舶吊机 主要由甲板基座、立柱架、起吊臂和控制室等部分组成。立柱架是船舶吊机的基本结构， 连接甲板基座和起吊臂，承载了吊机作业的全部负载力矩，根据载荷分布情况，立柱架 需要有较好的强度、刚度和稳定性。因此立柱架结构设计的合理性和安全性是保证吊机 正常工作的重要条件之一。 本文进行了船舶吊机立柱架设计与结构优化的全部过程， 通过分析吊机的起吊形式 确定工作情况及大致尺寸参数；运用力学和几何学知识建立动力学方程；通过MATLAB 进行数值分析，得出各位置下力的变化曲线；进行结构设计，运用SolidWorks软件建立 三维模型；将三维模型导入 ANSYS Workbench中进行有限元分析和结构优化。 本次设计在参考了大量有限元分析案例文献的基础上，综合运用了结构设计、力学 计算、MATLAB数值分析、三维建模、ANSYS有限元分析等各方面的知识，是一个完 整而有意义的设计过程，既使以前所学的知识得到加强和巩固，又增长了许多新的知识。 关键词：船舶吊机；有限元分析；结构优化设计；ANSYS Workbench; MATLAB Abstract Ship crane is one of the most importa nt mecha ni cal equipme nt in sea operati on s,mai nly for loading and unioading goods handling.Ship crane mainly consists of a deck base,frame column,lifting arm,a control room and other parts.Frame column is basic structure of ship cran e,which is conn ected to the deck base and the lift ing arm,carry ing all the load torque of the hoisti ng machi ne,a nd accordi ng to the distributio n of the load,frame colu mn n eed to have better stre ngth,rigidity and stability.Therefore,the rati on ality and safety of the colu mn frame structure desig n is one of the importa nt con diti ons to en sure the crane no rmal work. In this paper,the whole process of the desig n and structure optimizatio n of the ship crane is carried out.Through the an alysis of the crane lifting form to determ ine the con diti ons and approximate size parameters;D yn amic equati ons are established by using the kno wledge of mecha nics and geometry;Numerical an alysis is carried out by MATLAB,a nd to get the output of the cha nge curve;Structural desig n,using SolidWorks software to build three-dime nsio nal model;a nd the n three dime nsional model is in troduced into workbe nch ANSYS to be carried out fin ite eleme nt an alysis and structural optimizati on. Based on in refere nee to a large nu mber of fin ite eleme nt an alysis of the literature,this desig n comprehe nsively used of structural desig n, mecha ni cal calculatio n, MATLAB nu merical analysis,th