《白鲸》的生态解读.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 26 《白鲸》的生态解读 摘要：麦尔维尔是19世纪美国最伟大的作家之一。《白鲸》作为麦尔维尔最著名的作品，不仅是麦尔维尔小说艺术的顶峰，更是19世纪美国小说的顶峰。作品讲述的是捕鲸船船长亚哈——一个极端的自我为中心主义者，和南太平洋上一条名叫莫比·迪克的白鲸之间的故事。被白鲸咬掉了一条腿的亚哈船长心中燃烧着复仇的怒火，他指挥着航船行遍世界大洋，甚至不惜以命相搏，只为追踪莫比·迪克。事实上，他们分别代表了人类与自然。尽管如今生态平衡已经成了一个世界范围内的热点话题，但是人类依然在做着一些破坏自然的事。 一旦自然被破坏，人类的生活也会岌岌可危。目前，人类的生态平衡已经被破坏，世界上的许多地方都已经产生了生态危机。我们必须要有所作为，使自然恢复生态平衡。目前，我国的综合国力已经经济科技都在迅速发展，正确地处理人与自然的关系对社会稳定发展与经济平稳增长都有着非常重要的作用。本文将从生态批评的角度来分析《白鲸》这部小说，旨在得出当今世界人们应该秉持的生态伦理观念。并且呼吁人类能够正确处理人与自然之间的关系，做到人与自然的和谐共存。 关键词：《白鲸》；生态批评；人类 ；自然 An Ecocritical Interpretation of Moby Dick Abstract: Moby Dick is the greatest work of Herman Melville. The story deals with the conflict between Captain Ahab, an extreme anthropocentrist, and Moby Dick, a white whale once tears off Ahab’s leg. Actually they represent human beings and nature respectively. Through this novel, Melville explored the relationship between human beings and the environment. Nowadays, environmental crisis is seriously threatening the development of human society. Although the perniciousness of environmental crisis has been realized,there are still many human activities ruining the balance of ecosystem. If humans keep doing those harmful behaviors, nature will seek revenge upon human beings sooner or later. Therefore, proper interaction between man and nature is very vital, for human society’s healthy and steady development.In this thesis, I would like to apply ecocriticism to a representative work in discussing human-nature relationship and call the attention of our socirty and arouse people’s reconsideration of what should be done to keep the balance between man and nature. Key words: Moby Dick; ecocriticism ; man ; nature An Ecocritical Interpretation of Moby Dick 1. Introduction 1.1 Melville and Moby Dick Herman Melville(1819-1891) was an American novelist, short story writer, essayist, and poet. His major works include the well received Typee(1846) and 0moo(1847);the bewildering Mardi(1849);the semi-autobiographical Redburn(1849) and White Jac