呼吸科呼吸系统课件.pptVIP

Partial Pressure of Individual Gases in a Gas Mixture Above the absolute temperature, all molecules of all matter are continually undergoing motion. Pressure is caused by multiple impacts of moving molecules against a surface either in air, liquid or other forms of matter. The partial pressure is directly proportional to the concentration of the gas molecule for air. * * 第一页 Applied Gas Laws Question At the sea level (barometric pressure is 760 mmHg), how much is the partial pressure of oxygen if we know air consists of 21% oxygen? Hints Dalton’s law states that the total pressure exerted by a gaseous mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of each gas component in the gas mixture. In a mixture of gases, the partial pressure of a given gas is directly proportional to the volume that gas contributes to the total volume. * * 第二页 Answers PB = PN2 + PO2 + PHO2 + PCO2 (at the sea level, PB = 760 mmHg). Where PB = barometric pressure at the sea level. Where PN2 is the partial pressure of nitrogen. PO2 is the partial pressure of oxygen (氧分压). PO2 in the air = 760 mmHg X 0.21 = 160 mmHg . * * 第三页 第四页 Partial Pressures of Individual Gases at the Seal Level (PB = 760 mmHg) Ambient Dry air (mm Hg) Moist Tracheal Air (mmHg) Alveolar Air (mmHg) Systemic Arterial Blood (mmHg) Mixed Venous Blood (mmHg) O2 160 150 102 95 40 CO2 0 0 40 40 46 Water Vapor 0 47 47 47 47 N2 600 563 571 571 571 Total 760 760 760 760 704 * * 第五页 Water Vapor (水蒸汽） Lowers PO2 once Air Is Being Humidified（湿化） Air is being warmed and humidified before reaching alveoli. Water vapor does not change the percentage of O2 or N2 but does low the partial pressure of O2 or N2. In humidified air, PO2= (760 – 47) X 0.21 = 150 mmHg PN2 = (760 – 47) X 0.79 = 563 mmHg * * 第六页 The Partial Pressure of Oxygen in the Alveolar Space is down to 102 mmHg Two reasons cause this “down” The existence of FRC results in dilution of air in the alveoli. The continuous uptake of oxygen by the blood in pulmo