SAT写作赏析：弗洛伊德简介.docxVIP

Word文档下载后（可任意编辑） 第 第 PAGE 1 页 共 NUMPAGES 1 页 SAT写作赏析：弗洛伊德简介 SAT写作赏析：SAT写作范文赏析：弗洛伊德简介 SAT备考辅导  弗洛伊德是精神分析学派的创始人，他开创了潜意识研究的新领域，促进了动力心理学、人格心理学和变态心理学的发展，奠定了现代医学模式的新基础，为20世纪西方人文学科提供了重要理论支柱。  Medical doctor and founder of psychoanalysis. Born Sigismund Freud on May 6, 1856, in Freiberg, Moravia (now Pribor in the Czech Republic). At the age of four, Freud’s family relocated to Vienna, where he lived and worked for the majority of his life. Freud attended medical school at the University of Vienna where he focused his studies on biology for six years, under the renowned German scientist Ernst Brücke. In 1881, Freud received his medical degree and initially sought work at Vienna General Hospital before setting up a private practice in the treatment of psychological disorders.  医学博士和精神分析的创始人。1856年5月6日，生于斯基蒙德·弗洛伊德，在摩拉维亚(现在是捷克共和国的普里伯)。四岁的时候，弗洛伊德的家人搬到了维也纳，在那里他生活和工作了大部分时间。弗洛伊德就读于维也纳大学医学院，在那里，他将自己的生物学研究重点放在了德国著名科学家恩斯特·布鲁克的研究上，为期6年。1881年，弗洛伊德接受了医学学位，最初在维也纳综合医院寻求工作，后来在治疗心理障碍方面建立了私人诊所。  In 1885, Freud went to Paris where he became familiar with the technique of hypnosis. He soon deemed the effects of hypnosis as temporary and adopted an alternative method of treatment suggested by his friend Josef Breuer. Breuer felt that if troubled patients were encouraged to talk freely their symptoms would eventually subside ?hence the term “free association.? Freud and Breur further collaborated and developed the notion that many phobias were rooted in traumatic childhood experiences. The two doctors formulated that a patient needed to confront these past issues in order to let go of the phobia. They published their theory in Studies in Hysteria(1894), and their findings were considered revolutionary.  1885年，弗洛伊德去了巴黎，在那里他熟悉了催眠的技巧。他很快就认为催眠的作用是暂时的，并采用了他的朋友约瑟夫·布鲁尔提出的另一种治疗方法。Breuer认为，如果鼓励有问题的病人畅所欲言，他们的症状最终会消退，因此“自由联想”这个词就会出现。佛洛伊德和布鲁尔进一步合作，并发展出一种观念，即许多恐惧症都源于童年的创伤经历。两位医生制定了一个病人需要面对这些过去的问题，以摆脱恐惧。他们在《歇斯底里的研究》(1894)中发表了他们的理论，他们的发现被认为是革命性的。  Freud and Breuer eventual