背景知识产权和前景知识产权.pdfVIP

背景知识产权和前景知识产权 Background IP and Foreground IP 背景知识产权和前景知识产 权：定义、使用范围和规则 在商业交易中， 尤其是高科技行业， 合同双方常常专注于知识产权权 利归属问题、 互不相让。 讨论的核心在于买方在本次交易中到底能获 得多少知识产权权利 / 许可，大多数时候，作为买方，只会在使用产 品必须的范围内获得专利许可。然而，近年来，买方所提供的标准合 同文本，有扩张其知识产权权利的趋势。 In commercial transactions, especially high-tech commercial transactions, there is usually a section of the parties ’ contract devoted to what IP rights the buyer obtains in the deal. Most of the time, the rights are limited to use of the IP in the product, as the product is intended to be used. However, standard contracts from buyers are increasingly trying to expand their rights. 合作开始前，双方会以自己原本拥有的知识产权作为筹码进行谈判。 此时，生产方至少拥有两方面的知识产权： 他获得授权可以使用的 IP ， 以及他自己独立开发获得的 IP 。有时候，买方也会拥有一些与实现 产品技术方案相关的知识产权。 所有这些可被统称为 “背景知识产权”， 即 Background Intellectual Property 。 To begin with, the parties will come to the bargaining table with their own IP. At the very least, the manufacturer will have IP it can use, and/or has independently developed. Sometimes the buyer will have its own IP often related to implementing its product specifications. This is known as “Background Intellectual Property, ” or “Background IP. ” 以此为出发点， 双方会对彼此拥有的背景知识产权的使用和归属问题 进行谈判。 通常来说， 任何一方都不会将自己的背景知识产权转让给 对方。 买方会将背景知识产权部分授权给生产方使用， 以便生产方生 产所需产品， 而生产方也只会在为实现产品的使用功能所必需的范围 内，将自己的背景知识产权授予给买方有限使用。 From this starting point, the parties will negotiate what rights they have to this Background IP. Usually, neither party gives the other party any of its Background IP. The manufacturer has limited use of the buyer ’ s Background IP to make the buyer ’ s product, and the buyer has limited use of the manufacturer ’ s Background IP only to the extent the use i s connected with the product being used