细胞生物学：chap7细胞骨架.pptVIP

◆amoeba movement * ◆Folding movement * Part 3 the mechanism of cell motility 1.细胞外信号可以引起细胞骨架的重排 外界因子→激活RhoGTP酶家族的蛋白→细胞骨架的重排 2.细胞外信号可以指导细胞运动的方向 外界因子→细胞的极化→细胞运动 Section 5 Cytoskeleton and diseases The cytoskeleton is made up of a large variety of specialized proteins and is a highly dynamic system that is involved in the majority of key cellular events. It is now clear that the cytoskeleton is often associated, and has diverse roles in human disease including: cancer, heart disease, myopathies, neurodegenerative diseases and skin disorders. Part 1 Cytoskeleton and Cancer 1. The abnormalities of cytoskeleton of tumor cells 发现调控微丝组装的Rho和其他小GTP酶的编码基因表达异常；纺锤体组装异常；中心体异常（大尺寸、非正常形状、数目增多或消失） normal cell cancer cell 2. Microtubules as a Target in Cancer Therapy Taxol 3. Intermediate Filaments Can Identify the Cellular Origin of Certain Tumors Tumor cells retain many of the differentiated properties of the cells from which they are derived, including expression of particular IF proteins. By use of fluorescent-tagged antibodies specific for those IF proteins, diagnosticians often can determine whether a tumor originated in epithelial, mesenchymal, or neuronal tissue. Part 2 Cytoskeleton and nerve system disease Alzheimers diseases(AD) The brain of a person with Alzheimers contains abnormal clumps of cellular debris and protein(plaques) and collapsed microtubules (support structures of the cell). 阿尔茨海默病（AD） 1906年德国神经病学家Alzheimer首次报道 一种原因不明的中枢神经系统的脑退行性疾病 病因：不清，有遗传的家族聚集性，脑外伤史、 抑郁症史、低受教育水平等都是其患病危险因素 多见于老年人， AD的患病率随年龄↑而↑ 美国：65Y1%; 70Y2%; 80Y8%; 90Y32% 上海：55Y1.5%; 65Y2.9% 病程：起病潜隐,发展慢,进行性加重。平均病程5 – 10年 65岁前后发生的痴呆，其病理改变均相同如：弥散性脑萎缩、 老年斑、神经纤维缠结，主要表现为以胆碱能为主的多种神经递质的缺陷 预后：不可逆 临床表现：痴呆综合征 * Part 3 Cytoskeleton and hereditary disease These diseases caused by genetic mutations. Epidermolysis bullosa simlplex(单纯性大疱性表皮松懈症) Wiskott Aldrich syndrome, WAS Immotile cilia syndrome(纤毛不动综合症) Expression of the mut