专家讲稿:婴幼儿食物过敏及牛奶蛋白过敏的预防和诊治.ppt

专家讲稿:婴幼儿食物过敏及牛奶蛋白过敏的预防和诊治.ppt

编辑ppt 益生菌预防特应性皮炎 Kalliom?ki M., et al. Lancet 2001; 357:1076-1079. Kalliom?ki M., et al. Lancet 2003; 361:1869-1871. RR=0.51 CI (0.32-0.84) RR=0.57 CI (0.33-0.97) * P0.05 * * 益生菌治疗特应性皮炎 * P = 0.01 compared to EHF; SCORAD range in parenthesis Isolauri E., et al. Clin Exp Allergy 2000;30:1604-1610. * (4.5 - 18.2) (0.1 - 8.7) (0.0 - 3.8) * 双歧杆菌的安全性 含双歧杆菌B.lactis 的婴儿配方: 15年,30个国家 15项临床试验,研究对象1800多名婴儿,半数接受了双歧杆菌B.lactis 从出生开始给婴儿喂养含双歧杆菌B.lactis 的配方奶被认为是安全的 (Generally Regarded as Safe,GRAS) 美国FDA,欧洲EFSSA,法国AFSSA已经批准其使用于初生婴儿配方 其用量和质量控制不同于其他添加物 母乳喂养 低敏婴儿配方奶粉 母体 (及婴儿) 的营养补充剂 推迟婴儿引入固体食物的时间:六个月后添 加辅食 一级预防的营养措施 4个月前不添加固体食物 4-6个月无研究 6个月后存在争议 APP 建议(过敏高风险婴儿) 延迟添加固体食物至6个月后 延迟高致敏食物的引入至一岁以后 固体食物引入与过敏预防 有证据证明早期引入固体食物可能增加湿疹的风险 纯母乳喂养至少6个月 如不能母乳喂养或母乳不足,建议至少从出生至6个月使用适度水解配方 6个月后引入固体食物 过敏预防总体建议 牛奶蛋白过敏(CMPA) 的诊断与 治疗 陈同辛 上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院 上海市儿科医学研究所 在婴儿和低龄儿童CMPA/I是最常见的食物不良反应 5%-15%儿童存在着疑似CMPA/I的症状 发病率实际为2%-3%(激发试验结果) 牛奶蛋白过敏或不耐受(CMPA/I)发生率 儿童牛奶蛋白过敏和不耐受(CMPA/I)与特应性疾病的临床过程 1749婴儿(1年中出生) 117(6.7%)CMPA/I疑似症状 39(2.2%)(1.5-2.9%)确诊CMPA/I 78未确诊CMPA/I 9(0.5%)(0.2-0.9%)CMPA/I母乳可抗CMP Fig. 1. Prospective study of 1-year birth cohort from 1985 in Odense, Denmark. CMP, cow’s milk protein; CMPA/I, cow’s milk protein allergy/intolerance. Some 117/1749 (6.7%) had symptoms suggestive of cow’s milk protein allergy/intolerance (CMPA/I) during the first year of life. Based on controlled milk eliminations and challenge procedure the diagnosis of CMPA/I was confirmed in 39/117, resulting in a 1-year incidence of CMPA/I of 2.2% with 95% confidence interval of 1.5–2.9%. Nine of 39 infants with CMPA/I were confirmed to react against cow’s milk protein in human milk, corresponding to 0.5% of the birth cohort (95% confidence interval of 0.2–0.9%) Host A, et al. Clinical course of cow’s milk protein allergy/ intolerance and atopic diseases in childhood. Pediatr Allergy Immunol, 2002, 13(Suppl. 15): 23–28 CMPA/I的预后(1) Host A, et al. Clinical course of cow’s milk protein allergy/ intolerance and atop

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