从中交行改组看南京国民政府的角色.docVIP

PAGE 2 从中交行改组看南京国民政府的角色 摘要：中国近代经历过自由市场型和政府垄断型两种金融制度模式。南京国民政府建立了政府垄断型金融制度。在这种集权式的金融制度下，国民政府势必要对试图走独立经营、脱离政府成分的银行进行改制，使原本在自由市场体制下的银行业纳入国民政府的集权式金融体系，实现金融统制。虽然中、交两行最终被纳入了政府财政系统，但改组过程使得银行的专业化进一步发展，对于稳定金融市场、发展近代实业、振兴民族工商业起到了积极的作用，同时有助于中国经济向近代化迈进。在这个过程中，南京国民政府的作用是十分巨大的。本文从这个视角分析了南京国民政府时期的金融制度。南京国民政府建立前，蒋介石就与上海江浙金融资本家有着千丝万缕的联系，在北伐过程中正是依靠江浙财团陆续接济才摆脱为军队筹饷的窘境。对金融有了切肤之痛，蒋介石对金融统一的认识也就格外强烈：军事一统端赖政治一统，政治一统端赖经济一统，经济一统端赖金融一统。 关键词：金融制度模式 国民政府 改组 The Chinese modernization history experienced two kinds of financial systems: one is free market, and the other is officially dominant system. During the Nanjing Kuomintang government period, the government set up the officially dominant financial system. Under which, the government must reform the nongovernmental and private banks, in this way it can change the free financial system and centralize the state power. The bank of China and communication bank of China were finally taken into the governmental fiscal system, and improve its profession, which has a positive role in stabilizing the market, prospering the national industrial and commercial fields and the modernization of the Chinese economy. In the process, the Kuomintang government made a great contribution. Before the establishment of the government, Chiang Kai-shek had very close relations with the financial capitalists in Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. During the northern expedition war, he depended on the capitalists’ help to relieve its army. However, there was many problems, which was realized by Chiang Kai-shek: the unification of army needs the unification of politics, the union of politics needs the unification of economy, and the economy union needs the financial unification.  目录 TOC \o 1-3 \h \u 888 一、南京政权与江浙财阀的关系 3 22100 （一）张嘉璈和国民政府 3 18325 （二）蒋介石和江浙财阀 4 27017 二、中交行改组 5 18680 （一）交行改组 5 10105 1、交行第一次改组 6 28541 2、交行第二次改组 6 7947 （二） 中行改组 7 8959 1、中行第一次改组 7 8956 2、中行第二次改组 7 29803 三、结语 9 从中交行改组看南京国民政府的角色 绪论 上海在近代金融界地位的重要性是不言而喻的，而作为金融机构的银行更是金融