一般过去时-现在完成时和过去完成时知识讲解.pdf

一般过去时，现在完成时和过去完成时 一般过去时态表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，也表示过 去经常或反复发生的动作，常和表示频度的时间状语连用，试看下列例句： 1. I was in the classroom yesterday morning 2. My father was at work last week. 3. I visited the Palace Museum three weeks ago. 4. He always went to work by bus last year. 5. I wrote home once a week at college. 1. yesterday或以其构成的短语： yesterday morning(afternoon, evening)等； 2. 由last+一时间名词 构成的短语： last night, last year (winter, month, week)等； 3. 由时间段 +ago构成的短语： a moment ago, a short time ago, an hour ago等； 4. 其它： just now 或者由句子本身的时态所反映出来的。 现在完成时表示： (1) 过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 , 常与 already ，just ，yet ， before ，ever，never 等副词连用； (2)发生在过去某一时刻的 ,持续到现在的动作（用行为动词表示）或状 态（ be 动词表示） ，常与 for （+时间段），since （+ 时间点或过去时的句子）连用。试看下列例句： 1. My father has brought many books for me , so I can do some reading now. 2. I have already finished my homework, so I can give it to my teacher now. 3. Kevin hasnt seen the film yet, so he has nothing to say about the film. 4. This is the best film I have ever seen. 5. Mary has been ill for three days. 6. I have lived here since 1998. 现在完成时不能和表示过去的时间状语连用，如 yesterday, last year, two days ago, just now 等等，但可以和 already, yet, sometimes, always, before, recently,ever, never 等连用。 I have met him before. 我从前曾见过他。 Ma Hong has always been a good student. 马红一直是个好学生。 I have often seen him in the street. 我经常在街上看见他。 They have never been to Beijing. 他们从未去过延安。 I havent seen him recently. 我近来没看到他。 现在完成时既然可以表示从过去持续到现在，那么在延续性用法中，谓语动词必须为延续性的， 而不可以和瞬间动词连用。 1. I have brought the book for ten days. ( × ) 2. They have already come here since three years ago. ( × ) 但是，在否定句中非延续性动词可以表示状态的延续，试看下列例句： 1. I havent seen her for a long time. 2.