商务英语入门第四章_外教社修订版.pptVIP

Organizational structure is the formal decision- making framework by which job tasks are divided, grouped, and coordinated. Organizational structure allows the expressed allocation of responsibilities for different functions and processes to different entities. Ordinary description of such entities is as branch, site, department, work groups and single people. Organizational Structure 第三十页，编辑于星期二：十四点 五十四分。 Formalization is an important aspect of structure. It is the extent to which the units of the organization are explicitly defined and its policies, procedures, and goals are clearly stated. It is the official organizational structure conceived and built by top management. Organizational Structure 第三十一页，编辑于星期二：十四点 五十四分。 Departmentalization — It is the basis on which work or individuals are grouped into manageable units. — There are five traditional methods for grouping work activities. Organizational Structure 第三十二页，编辑于星期二：十四点 五十四分。 Organizational Structure 第三十三页，编辑于星期二：十四点 五十四分。 Departmentalization by function — Departmentalization by function organizes by the functions to be performed. — The advantage is obtaining efficiencies from consolidating similar specialties and people with common skills, knowledge and orientations together in common units. Organizational Structure 第三十四页，编辑于星期二：十四点 五十四分。 Departmentalization by product — Departmentalization by product assembles all functions needed to make and market a particular product and placed under one executive. — Major department stores are structured as home accessories, appliances, women’s clothing, mens clothing, and childrens clothing. Organizational Structure 第三十五页，编辑于星期二：十四点 五十四分。 Departmentalization by geographical regions — Departmentalization by geographical regions groups jobs on the basis of territory or geography. — Departmentalized by regions such as Northeast, Southeast, Midwest, Southwest, an