为获得最大生产性能的饲料加工技术.pdf

为获得最大生产性能的 饲料加工技术 FEED PROCESSING TO MAXIMIZE GROWTH PERFORMANCE IN PIGS Joe D. Hancock, Ph.D. Kansas State University jhancock@ksu.edu 粉碎 推荐的粒度 Particle Size Recommendations 生长 谷物 母猪 育肥猪 保育猪 蛋鸡 肉鸡 Cereal Sows Gro-fin Nursery Layers Broilers 玉米 Corn 600 600 600 1,000 600 高粱 Sorghum ???? 500 500 800 500 小麦 Wheat ???? 600 600 ???? ???? 平均粒度与粒度均匀度 Mean P-size vs P-size Uniformity? 基本准则 Bottom Line? • 如果有1个小时和一个美元可支配, 请用于控制平均粒 度而不必在意粒度的均匀程度 If you have 1 h of your time and $1 of your money to spend spend them on controlling mean particle size and not on uniformity of particle size. • 平均粒度从850减小到550微米, 可使生长效率提高 3%-4%，而将粒度的标准差从2.5降低至2.0却做不到 这一点 Decreasing mean particle size from 850 to 550 microns will improve efficiency of growth by 3 to 4% decreasing the standard deviation from 2.5 to 2.0 will not!!! 混合 混合Mixing •用什么作标记物 What do I use as a marker? •需要多好的均匀度 How much uniformity do I really need? 混合均匀度 Mix Uniformity •肉鸡和保育猪Broilers and nursery pigs: 盐\铬\其他微量示踪物的的变异系数应 20% CV for salt, Cr, or Microtracer 20% •育肥猪Finishing pigs: 盐的变异系数应 30% CV for salt 30% 有无其他途径改善 日粮的营养价值 So, what else can I do to improve the nutritional value of my diets? 湿-热加工方法 Hydro-Thermal Processing •蒸汽压片 Steam flaking •制粒 Pelleting •挤压/膨化 Extrusio