细胞生物学翟中和第四绪论演示文稿.pptVIP

图片来源：/nrm/journal/v5/n4/fig_tab/nrm1358_F2.html Controlled cell death, plant survival and development. Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology 5, 305-315 (April 2004) a | In the hypersensitive response, chromatin condensation and DNA cleavage into 50-kb fragments were observed before the apparent disruption of the vacuole, which takes places during the late stages of cell death18. Blebbing of the vacuole and plasma membranes, and late destruction of organelles were also observed. At the final stage of this cell-death process, the plasma membrane collapses and separates from the cell wall18, 19,