10_专题十　推测词义.pptxVIP

高考 英语;一、推测代词指代含义 ? 例????(2019课标全国ⅡA篇节选) My Favourite Books Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series (系列) of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads.;Matilda Roald Dahl 　　 I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahls writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful worlds. Matildas battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress, Miss Trunchbull, are equally funny and frightening, but theyre also aspirational. Who does “I” refer to in the text? A.Stephen King. B.Gillian Flynn. C.Jo Usmar. D.Roald Dahl. 解析　根据第一段可知,本文主要是Jo Usmar的书评。再根据文中“I once wrote a paper on the in-fluence of fairy tales on Roald Dahls writing and it gave me...”可推断出此处“I”指的是Jo Us-mar。;二、推测画线单词或短语的含义 1.依据定义推测词义 在许多情况下,文章的作者估计某个词一般读者不熟悉,则会在文章中给出该词的定义或解释。通过阅读定义和解释部分,读者便可理解该词的基本含义。线索词有that,which,is等。 例1????Ventilation, as you know, is a system or means of providing fresh air. It plays a very important part in the field of engineering. 解析　句中的“Ventilation”可能是个生词,但 is 后面是对该词的明确定义。什么系统或什么手段才能提供新鲜空气呢?由此推断画线词意为“通风系统”。 2.依据同位语推测词义 通常引出该词同位语的词语有that is,in other words等,还有的同位语凭借括号或破折号出现。 例2　In fact, only about 80 ocelots, an endangered wild cat, exist in the U.S. today. 解析　由同位语an endangered wild cat可迅速推断画线词ocelots是指一种濒临灭绝的野猫。;3.依据文章中的举例推测词义 在阅读理解中,考生可以根据文章所举的例子,从具体到一般,推断出该生词的意思。 例3　The course gives you chances to know great power polities between nation states. It will provide more space to study particular issues such as the relationship among countries in the European Union, Third World debt, local and international disagreement, and the work of such international bodies as the United Nations, the European Union, NATO, and the World Bank. 解析　根据such as 后面列举的一系列例子可推断句中的issues 应该是指“议题”。 4.依据对比关系或比较关系推测词义 能体现对比关系或比较关系的词汇很多,主要有but,yet,however,while,unlike,instead,similarly,on the contrary,in contrast to等。标点符号中的分号也可表示对比。 ;例4　A childs birthday party doesnt have to be a hassle; it can be a basket of fun. Wh