说明05.linux开发-远见ch6deploying system.pptxVIP

Deploying Linux SystemSystem IntegrationCreate a basic root filesystemAdd applications and librariesConfigure Linux scriptTest the custom filesystem via NFSSelect filesystems and create fs imageDeploy it to stand aloneRoot Filesystem StructureDirectoryContentbinEssential user command binariesbootStatic files used by the bootloaderdevDevices and other special filesetcSystem configuration files, including startup fileshomeUser home directories, including entries for services such as FTPlibEssential libraries, such as the C library, and kernel modulesmntMount point for temporarily mounted filesystemsoptAdd-on software packagesprocVirtual filesystem for kernel and process informationrootRoot users home directorysbinEssential system administration binariestmpTemporary filesusrSecondary hierarchy containing most applications and documents useful to most users, including the X servervarVariable data stored by daemons and utilitiesFilesystem Hierarchy StandardFilesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS)Setup the official rule of root filesystem Such rules are defined for multi-user environmentsELS is often a single-user environmentMulti-user dirs can be ommitted/home, /mnt, /opt, /rootSome dirs can be ommitted but not mended/tmp, /varEssential dirs/bin, /dev, /etc, /lib, /proc, /sbin, /usr/boot depends on whether your bootloader can retrieve kernel images before kernel is booted Binaries Placement Omitting a dir does not save much in RFS sizeBut it is about functionalityBinaries placement/bin: bins essential to both users and adminsping, mknod, mount, tar, grep, gzip, etc/sbin: bins essential to admins but will never be used by usersint, insmod, route, mkfs, rmmod, ifconfig/usr/bin: most nonessential user binsautorun, bibtex, latex, biff, ftp, wc, whereis, whoami/usr/sbin: more nonessential admin toolsautomount, httpd, in.telnetd, in.talkd, sendmailLibraries Placement /lib: libs required to boot system and run essential commands/usr/lib: all other libraries/usr/lib/xxx: package