构词法PowerPoint 演示文稿.ppt

十二、构词法;英语构词法主要有派生法(即词根加前缀或后缀构成的新词)、合成法和转化法三种。 一、派生法 常见的派生构词法归纳： (一)形容词加-ly变为副词的规律 1．一般情况加-ly。如：real→really/careful→carefully/polite →politely/quick→quickly 2．“辅音字母＋y ”结尾的，将y改为-ily。 如：angry→angrily/busy→busily/heavy→heavily;3．以-ble结尾的，将ble改为bly。如：probable→ probably/possible→possibly 4．个别单词，去掉e再加y。如：gentle→gently/true→truly 5．以-ic结尾的，加ally。如：basic→basically/energetic →energetically 注意：有的名词＋ly→形容词。如：friend→friendly等。;(二)动词/名词变形容词的常见后缀;情况;情况;情况;(三)动词变为名词的后缀;加后缀;加后缀;(四)形容词变名词的后缀;后缀;(五)表示“人”的后缀 在表示形容词、名词或动词后面加后缀变成具有某种职业或动作的人。常见的表示“人”的后缀有：;后缀;后缀;(六)表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀;缀;(七)变动词的前缀和后缀;(八)其他前缀的意义;缀;缀;二、合成法 两个或两个以上的词合成一个新词的构词方法称为合成法。;构成方式;构成方式;三、转化法 转化法：不改变词形，把一个词由一种词类转用为另一种词类的方法叫转化法。;Ⅰ.单词填空：用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 1．I was supposed to arrive at the airport on time. _______________ (fortunate)，I was held up by the heavy traffic jam. 2．Therefore，when they become older they are _________ (able) to do any other kind of work. 3．Very early the next morning，amazingly，we got completely satisfied in a totally __________ (expect) way. 4．I won’t do the purchase because the price of this dress is _____________ (reason)．;5．Job __________ (apply) need to show their ability to be both organized and flexible in taking on many tasks at the same time. 6．All facts are the source of ____________ (conclude)． 7．However，most _________ (science) agree that EQ has a lot to do with __________ (educate)． 8．Excellent oral and written ________________ (communicate) skills in Chinese and English are of __________ (important)． 9．Fresh fruits and vegetables can provide much of our daily _____________ (require)． 10．It is your ________ (free) to do what you want after class. 11．As is known to us all，the Entrance Exam is a great ___________，and the students are ____________.(compete);12．I am _________ (grate) to you for your help. 13．He gave me some ____________ (construct) suggestions. 14．A jury’s decision in a court case must be absolutely __________ (object)． 15.He devoted much money to building schools in ___________ (m