虚拟语气分析和总结.docxVIP

Subjunctive Mood Subjunctive Mood I. 三种基本形式的虚拟语气II.混合时间虚拟句 含蓄虚拟句 倒装虚拟句 半虚拟句 其他虚拟句 三种基本形式的虚拟语气与现在事实相反 从句： did/ were 主句： should/would/ might/could + do If I had enough money, I would run a company of my own. 与过去事实相反从句：had done 主句：should/ would/ might/ could + have done If she had not been ill, she would have made greater progress. 与将来事实相反 从句：should/ were to + do 主句：would/ could/ might + do If I should win the lottery, I would buy a car. Translation: 如果现在我手头有这本书，我会把那篇文章读给你听。 假如他要来这儿，你将怎么把这件事告诉他？ 要是当时我不快走的话，我就赶不上火车了。 Keys: If I had the book at hand, I would read the passage to you. If he were to come here, how would you tell him about this? I would have missed the train if I had not hurried. 混合时间虚拟句 按照各自发生的时间确定形式 If you hadn’t watched that movie last night, you wouldn’t be sleepy. If she were not so careless, she wouldn’t have made such a mistake. If I had studied English at school, I could read the English novel now. Compare: If I knew your E-mail address, I would have sent E-mail to you last night. If I had known your E-mail address, I would have sent E-mail to you last night. 含蓄虚拟句 隐去标志词 if, 用其他形式表示。 without / but for Without your help we wouldn’t have finished our work on time. In his position, I would commit suicide. but for = If it were not for… If it had not been for… But for the sun , there could be no life on earth.=If it were not for the sun, there couldn’t be life on earth. But for his help, I would not have finished the tas=kI.f it had not been for his help, I would not have finished the task. but that + clause (陈述语气) But that the doctor arrived on time that day, they would have been dead. But that he needed money desperately, he would never have turned to his brother for help. 不定式 I would have been very happy to have been invited to the party. = I would have been very happy if I had been invited to the party. 分词短语 Given more time, I would have been able to finish the test. = If I had been given more time, I would have been able to finish the test. 通过上下文暗示条件