高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题解题技巧.pptxVIP

高考英语阅读理解词义猜测题解题技巧;高考大纲中关于阅读理解的要求; The underlined word “ … ” refers to (means / stands for) . Which of the following words can take the place of / be replaced by the word “ … ”? What is the meaning of “ … ” as the words are used in the text? Which of the following has the closest meaning to the word “ … ”? ;考查方向： 　１、熟词新意，即熟悉词汇的陌生含义； 　２、复合词的含义理解，对于衍生词汇的理解能力； 　３、根据上下文对代词的指代含义的理解能力； 　４、根据上下文对不认识单词的词义判断能力； 　５、对谚语、俗语、俚语含义的理解能力； 　６、通过近义词、反义词和常识理解词汇的能力。;1. Definition 定义法; It will be very hard but very brittle — that is , it will break easily.;定义常见词汇及短语：be called, be known, be defined as, constitute, refer to 等词汇或冒号，括号，破??号等。;2. Contrast 对比法： 利用文中的反义词以及表对比关系的词（组）猜测词义。 表示对比的词有but, yet, while、however, otherwise on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast, in spite of , instead等。;Most of us agreed, however, Bill dissented.;3. Similarity 相似法：利用同义词、近义词或词组猜测词义。;4. Cause and Effect 因果法：从原因推测结果，从结果推测原因。 ;因果关系常见词汇及短语：since, as, because, for, due to, owing to, for the reason that, result from, so,therefore, thus, consequently, result in等。;5. Example 例举法：利用文中的举例猜测词义。常见的举例的提示词有for instance, for example, such as, like等 。;6. Word Formation 构词法： 英语单词大多是由词根、词头（前缀）和词尾（后缀）所组成。词根是单词最基本的部分，表达单词的基本含义。在词根前或后加上前缀或后缀，可以用来引申或转变原词的意义，即派生。只要我们掌握了各种词根、词头和词尾的基本含义，那么就可以很容易猜测出由其构成的新词的含义了;另外还有合成与转化。;常见的前缀和后缀如： super- (超) mini- (迷你的, 微小的) micro-（微小的） re- （再，反复） mis-（误，恶） im-（不） un-（不，非） in-（不，非） non-（不，非） -able（能…的 ） -less（不，无） -wards (向);superman microwave (超人) nonnatural mispronouce (非自然的) antiageing nonsmoker (抗衰老的) shewolf sleep-walk (母狼) ; ;Lions are opportunists. They prefer to eat without having to do too much work.?… If another animal has made a kill, they will drive it off and take the kill for themselves. By describing lions as “opportunist” , the author means to say that lions____. ? A. are cruel a