2021-2022学年北京朝阳区高三上学期期中考试阅读C篇 分析及解析 讲义.docxVIP

2021-2022学年北京朝阳区上学期期中考试阅读C篇 分析及解析 讲义 一张试卷，从语法填空到完形，从阅读到阅表，无不体现出阅读的重要性。因此综合性阅读和在其产生下的综合能力对于学生英语学习非常重要。而C,D和七选五对英语素养要求很高，不仅对学生，对于英语老师也如此。这三篇文章多是说明文或议论文，涉及事物，现象或道理，类别庞杂，文章章法各异，且语言深奥句式复杂，这就要求老师和学生在此处深下功夫。 ? 看看这篇朝阳区C篇吧。又是一篇灼心烧脑的难文。 It is such complicated articles that challenge our English and help us get improved。 ? 1 Making predictions gets in the way of the brain’s ability to remember the present moment, new research suggests. The hippocampus, a brain structure usually associated with remembering events, also uses experiences to make forecasts (neuroscientists call this “statistical learning”). But scientists writing in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA have now demonstrated that the latter function can influence the former. 研究新发现：Making predictions gets in the way of the brain’s ability to remember the present moment。做预测妨碍大脑记住当前时刻。此句为该文亟待说明的主旨。 ? 开门见山是说明文常用的拳路。但主题句大都因高度概括而过于抽象，因此详读并理解主题句之后的细述。A but B句式一直为作者所常用，也为出题者所青睐。 ? 与remembering events相关的brain structure，the hippocampus也用经历来做出预测。但后一功能可能会影响前者。换言之，做预测的功能妨碍记忆事件的功能。 ? 2 Researchers showed participants a series of photographs on a screenwithout telling them that some image categories always followed others: mountains always came immediately after beaches, for example. They were intended to subconsciously learn these associations and begin to expect these pairings. Later, the participants were shown the same photos again, mixed inwith new examples, and were asked if they had spotted any of them before. They accurately recalled seeing random images at a much better rate than the predictive ones (like the beach pictures). ? 实验初期呈现：屏幕展现给参与者一系列图片而不告知图片类别接下来的其它图片。该方法旨在让参与者下意识了解类似mountains always came immediately after beaches一样的关联并期望这样的配对。 实验初期结果：当再次出示这些相同的照片和混杂其中新的图片时，参与者被问及是否之前见过，他们能够准确回忆起随机图片，且速度远快于预测性图片。 读者应注意，此处已经涉及记忆和预测的两种功能以及二者之间的相互作用。 ? 3 The scientists repeated this process while scanning participants’ brains with FMRI（功能性核磁共振）. Each image category caused a distinct neural?（神经的）?activity pat