《美国文学》作业参考答案.docxVIP

4.A 5.D 6.C 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.D 11.A 12.C 13.C 14.D 15.A 16.B 17.B 18.D 19.A 20.C 21.B 22.C 23.A 24.D 25.A 26.B 27.C 28.A 29.C 30.A 31.D 32.B 33.A 34.B 35.B 36.D 37.A 38.C 39.C 40.D 41.A 42.A 43.B 44.B 45.D 46.C 47.A 48.B 49. A 50.D 51.B 52.A 53.B 54.C 55. A 56. C II.Define the literary terms briefly in English 1.American transcendentalism was a philosophical dissent from Unitarianism. Transcendentalists rejected the materialistic psychology in favor of the idealism of Kant who asserted that intuition could surpass reason as a guide to the truth. To transcendentalists, spirit is inherent and pervading and is the only reality in the universe in which nature stood as a symbol of Spirit. Transcendentalism emphasized the divinity of man, the significance and right of the individual, and the possibility of the self-perfection of the individual. 2. Romanticism is characterized by the pursuit of freedom, emphasis of individualism, a reliance upon the good of natureand “natural” man, and an abiding faith in the boundlessresources of the human spirit and imagination. 3.The Puritans were members of the church of England who at first wished to reform o“rPurify its doctrines. They kept in common with all advocates of strict Christian orthodox, insisting on man’s original sin and depravity. 4. Realism is a literary school. The American realist William Dean Howells refered to the method of realistic literary creation as “nothing more and nothing less than the truthful treatment of material. The realists tended to be highly selective in their choice of material, focusing upon what seemed real to their largely middle-class readers. 5. Enlightenment in America was a progressive “intellectual movement which contributed to free the Americans from the limitation of Puritanism which had been prevailing in American society, and stimulate them to strive for the establishment of their independent and democratic nation. The enlighteners were confident in the proqress by education and appealed