国际贸易实务 (2).ppt

某出口公司在某次交易会上与外商当面谈妥出口大米10000公吨，每公吨USD275 F.O.B.中国口岸。但我方在签约时，合同上只笼统地写了10000吨（ton），我方当事人主观认为合同上的吨就是指公吨（Metric ton）而言。后来，外商来证要求按长吨（Long ton）供货。如果我方照证办理则要多交160.5公吨，折合美元44137.5USD。于是我方要求修改信用证，而外商坚持不改，双方发生贸易纠纷。　 case1 * * 第三十页，共五十七页。 度量衡制度与计量单位 在不同的度量衡制度下，同一计量单位，所代 表的数量不同。如：吨（Ton） 度量衡 重量单位 公斤 市斤 磅 公制 公吨 1000 2000 2204.6 英制 长吨 1016.047 2032.094 2240 美制 短吨 907. 2 1814.4 2000 * * 第三十一页，共五十七页。 4.3 Quantity Ways to stipulate weight gross weight net weight gross for net conditioned weight * * 第三十二页，共五十七页。 4.3 Quantity gross weight gross weight = net weight + Tare net weight Net weight = Gross weight – Tare If not stipulated, considered to be net weight tare calculation actual/real tare average tare, customary tare computed tare gross for net Goods priced by their gross weight instead of the net * * 第三十三页，共五十七页。 4.3 Quantity Conditioned weight Conditioned weight: equals to the dry weight of a commodity plus the standard moisture content Conditioned weight = Dried net weight x (1 + Standard regain rate) * * 第三十四页，共五十七页。 4.3 Quantity Theoretical weight Theoretical weight = Unit weight x Quantity Legal weight Legal weight = Net weight + Tare (immediate packing) * * 第三十五页，共五十七页。 4.3 Quantity Issues concerning quantity clause in sales contract: clear, specific and avoid ambiguity quantity latitude (more or less clause) latitude: how much more or less? decision: at whose option? pricing: contract rate or market price? * * 第三十六页，共五十七页。 4.3 Quantity Examples of more or less clause: 800 metric tons, 5% more or less at seller’s option 20,000 metric pairs, the sellers are allowed to load 5% more or less, the price shall be calculated according to the unit price in the contract 1,000 metric tons 5% more or less, at Buyer’s option with more or less portion priced at the market price at the time of shipment. * * 第三十七页，共五十七页。 case2 合同中数量条款规定 “10000M/T 5% MORE OR LESS AT SELLER’S OPTION.”卖方正待交货时，该货物国际市场价格大幅度上涨，问：