Unit8AGreenWorld知识点梳理--牛津译林版八年级英语下册.docxVIP

8B U8 A Green World 1. Are you serious? serious形容词，意为“认真的，严肃的”。在句中作定语或表语。 I want to have a serious talk with you. The old man looks very serious. 【拓展】 ①be serious about sb. / sth. 对某人/某事是认真的 You should be serious about your work. ②be serious about doing sth.对做某事当真 Is he serious about wanting to be a doctor? ③seriously副词，意为“认真地，严肃地，严重地”。 那个女孩病情严重。我们必须马上送她去医院。 The girl is seriously ill. We must send her to hospital at once. 2. We can save energy by turning off the lights when we leave a room. （1）句中的save用作及物动词，意为“节约”。 Please save water every day. 【拓展】save其他含义： ①save用作及物动词，还可意为“储蓄，储存”。 杰克为了买电脑存了很多钱。 Jack saves a lot of money to buy a computer. ②save用作及物动词，还可意为“救，救助”，save one’s life意为“挽救某人的生命”。 那位著名的医生救了那个男孩的命。 The famous doctor saved the boy’s life. （2）turn off意为“关上（电器等）”。反义短语为turn on“打开（电器等）”。 Please turn off/on the radio. 【拓展】 ①turn off与turn on都是“动词 + 副词”结构的短语，当此类短语动词接名词作宾语时，名词置于短语动词后面或动词与副词之间都可以；若接代词作宾语时，代词必须置于动词与副词之间且要用宾格形式。 如：Turn on the computer. = Turn the computer on. Turn them off, please. ② turn up（把音量）调大，调高 turn down （把音量）调小，调低 take turns 轮流 turn into 变成；使变成 turn around 转过身 【辨析】turn off与close turn off 关上（电灯、自来水、煤气、无线电等） 反义短语为turn on close （把门、窗、箱子、盒子等）关上 反义词为open 3. What should we do to live a green life, class? 短语：live a …life意为“过着……（样）的生活”。 My grandparents lived a poor life in the past. The children are now living a comfortable life. 4. …this causes serious air pollution. 句子中的cause用作及物动词，意为“导致；造成”，其后可直接用造成的结果或发生的事情作宾语，也可接双宾语。 Does smoking cause cancer? 他给父母惹了很多麻烦。 He caused his parents a lot of trouble. = He caused a lot of trouble for his parents. 【拓展】 ①cause用作及物动词，还可意为“使，迫使”，其后通常接动词不定式作宾语补足语。 Who caused her to cry? The good news caused her to be happy. ②cause用作可数名词，意为“原因；起因”。 酒后驾车是交通事故最常见的起因之一。 Driving after drinking is one of the most common causes of traffic accidents. ③cause用作不可数名词，意为“理由；缘故”。 饭菜好极了，我没有理由抱怨。 The food was excellent—I had no cause for complaint. 5. In Switzerland, things like glass, plastic and pa