输电线路保护的基本计算.docxVIP

\o The basic calculation of transmission line protection The basic calculation of transmission line protection 输电线路保护的基本计算 By? \o Posts by Edvard Edvard? Transmission line protection 输电线路保护 The excessive currents accompanying a fault, are the basis of overcurrent protection schemes. For transmission line protection in interconnected systems, it is necessary to provide the?desired selectivity?such that relay operation results in the least service interruption while isolating the fault. 伴随故障的过电流是过电流保护方案的基础。对于互联系统中的输电线路保护，有必要提供所需的选择性，以便在隔离故障的同时，继电器操作导致最短的服务中断。 The basic calculation of transmission line protection (photo credit: acrastyle.co.uk) 输电线路保护的基本计算（照片来源：acrastyle.co.uk） This is referred to as?relay coordination. 这称为继电器协调。 Many methods exist to achieve the desired selectivity. Time/current gradings are involved in three basic methods discussed below for radial or loop circuits where there are several line sections in series. 有许多方法可以实现所需的选择性。时间/电流梯度涉及下面讨论的径向或环路的三种基本方法，其中有多个串联的线路段。 Three Methods of Relay Grading 继电器分级的三种方法 Time Grading Current Grading Inverse-Time Overcurrent Relaying 1.时间分级 2.电流分级 3.反时限过电流继电器 1. Time Grading 1.时间分级 Time grading ensures that the breaker nearest to the fault opens first,?by choosing an appropriate time setting for each of the relays. The time settings increase as the relay gets closer to the source. A simple radial system shown in Figure 1?demonstrates this principle. 通过为每个继电器选择适当的时间设置，时间分级确保最接近故障的断路器首先断开。随着继电器越来越接近电源，时间设置也会增加。图1所示的简单径向系统演示了这一原理。 Figure 1 –?Principles of Time Grading 图1–时间分级原则 A protection unit comprising a? definite time-delay overcurrent relay?is placed at each of the points 2, 3, 4, and 5. The time-delay of the relay provides?the means for selectivity. The relay at circuit breaker 2 is set at the shortest possible time necessary for the breaker to operate (typically 0.25 second). 在点2、3、4和5的每一处都安装了一个保护装置，包括一个定时延时过电流继电器。继电器的延时为选择性提供了手段。断路器2处的继电器设置在断路器运行所需的最短时间（通常为0.25秒）。 The relay setting at?3?is chosen