安全培训：事故调查与根源分析.pptVIP

There are several pitfalls that should be avoided when seeking the root or system cause(s) of an incident: Personal factors alone do not cause incidents. If a person’s attitude or behaviour appears to cause an incident, some failure in the safety system made it possible for the attitude or behaviour to override the system. The objective is not to find fault or place blame. The system causes are being sought so that faults in the safety systems can be corrected. Do not blame specific individuals as the only root cause. Problems do not come so much from the way people work but from the way they are managed. If people are not working safely, the systems are failing to control the safe actions of workers. It is the supervisor’s responsibility to make sure employees work safely. These pitfalls incorrectly shift the focus from problems in the safety system to personal problems of people. If the factors are considered to be the only causes of accidents, this will create a lack of co-operation and a distortion or cover-up. Individuals will seek to protect themselves or co-workers rather than focus on the facts. The priorities at the incident scene must be as follows; Your Safety – Do not add to the problem Others Safety – Don’t make matters worse Casualties – Treatment of others can now be organised Evidence – Once the above issues are dealt with, we can turn our attention to evidence. Now that we have evidence we must now process it. At the heart of any meaningful investigation is the ability to conduct a fair, ethical and detailed Investigative Interview. The skills required are many but primarily the good interviewer will listen actively and ask carefully selected questions designed to establish specific information. Question Types Open = Invites the interviewee to give a detailed wide-ranging answer. Open questions are beneficial in establishing information and setting an agenda. Closed = Invites a one-word reply. Useful when summarising and/or confirming