新目标大学英语综合教程.docxVIP

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文档收集于互联网,已重新整理排版.word 版本可编辑.欢迎下载支持. Unit 1 研究表明:在两性及众多文化中,长相好的人,特别是从青春期开始,往往 被评价为具有出色的性格特质的人。 事情为何如此?有些人觉得, 由于遇见外表迷人者和品德优良者都令人愉快, 我们会不假思索地把这二者混为一谈。 但 是 , 这 一 说 法 似 乎 并 不 客 观 。 西 安 大 略 大 学 (University of Western Ontario) 的桑波 ·保诺宁 (Sampo Paunonen) 博 士的研究发现, 被形容为较诚实的人也会被认为更讨人喜欢, 而越讨人喜欢的人, 外貌也就更具吸引力。 Research has shown that in both sexes and across numerous cultures, especially from adolescence, good-looking people are often evaluated to be ones withexceptionalpersonalitytraits. Why should this be so? Some people have perceived that since it is pleasurable to meet someone with attractive physical appearance and someone withgood moralcharacter,weautomatically mixthemup. Butthisstatementdoesnotseemtobeobjective.ThestudiesbyDr.Sampo Paunonen of the University of Western Ontario reveal that people who were describedasbeingmorehonestwereratedasmorelikable,andthemorelikable, themorephysicallyattractive. Unit 2 1960 年简 ·古多尔开始了她在坦桑尼亚的贡贝溪国家公园对黑猩猩社群的 研究。 由于没有专业的训练来指导其研究, 古多尔观察到了可能会被严格的科学 教条(doctrine)所忽视的东西。 她没有给进入观察的黑猩猩编号,而是给他们取名,如菲菲和灰胡子大卫, 并发现他们具有独特的个性。古多尔在贡贝溪的研究在科学界最为人称道的是, 她的发现打破了当时人们长期存在的两个信念:只有人类才会制造和使用工具, 以及黑猩猩是素食者。 JaneGoodallbeganstudyingthechimpanzeecommunityinGombeStream National Park, Tanzania, in 1960. Without professional training to direct her research, Goodall observed things that strict scientific doctrines may have overlooked. Insteadofnumberingthechimpanzeessheobserved,shegavethemnames such as Fifi and David Greybeard, and found they had unique and individual personalities.Goodall’sresearchatGombeStreamisbestknowntothescientific community for challenging two long-standing beliefs of the day: that only humanscouldmakeandusetools,andthatchimpanzeeswerevegetarians. Unit 3 天坛 (The Temple of Heaven) 是明、清两代皇帝“祭天”(offer sacrifices to the heaven)、“祈谷” (pray for good harvest) 的场所。坛域北呈圆形, 南为方形,寓意“天圆地方”。四周环筑坛墙两道,把全坛分为内坛 (t

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