2022年人教版高中英语选择性必修第四册同步课件Unit 3 SectionⅡ Learning About Language.pptxVIP

UNIT 3　SEA EXPLORATION;Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language;夯基提能作业;单元语法精析 ;动词不定式由“to＋动词原形”构成。这里的to是不定式标志，没有词义。不定式具有名词、形容词或副词的某些语法功能，又有动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语和状语，构成动词不定式短语。 ;一、动词不定式的时态与语态 ;I plan to attend the meeting to be held tomorrow. 我打算参加明天举行的会议。(attend与hold的动作在 plan之后发生，且meeting与hold之间为被动关系) They are said to be studying psychology. 据说他们正在研究心理学。(be said与 study 同时发生，且study的动作正在进行) I’m very sorry to have kept you sitting around doing nothing. 让你一直无所事事闲坐着我很抱歉。(keep发生在be sorry之前) ; No harm seems to have been done. 似乎并没有什么危害发生。(do发生在seem之前，且harm 与do之间是被动关系) She is known to have been dealing with the problems for many years. 大家知道她处理这类难题已经有很多年了。(deal with发生在is known之前，且deal with的动作一直在进行) ;[点津]不定式的“被动”与“否定” (1)不定式的被动式表示其逻辑主语为不定式动作的承受者。 It’s a great honour to be invited to Mary’s birthday party. 被邀请参加玛丽的生日聚会是一件非常荣幸的事情。 (2)不定式的否定式通常是将否定词not或never 置于不定式之前，即构成not to do 或never to do 这样的形式。 They took a vote and decided not to do it. 他们进行了表决，决定放弃。 How many times has your mother told you never to talk to strangers? 你母亲告诉你多少次了，绝不能和陌生人谈话？;单句语法填空 ①The world will be different, and we will have to ______________ (prepare) to adapt to the change. ②She pretended to ______________(sleep) when her mother came in. ③He is said to ____________________(work) in this factory for more than twenty years. ;二、语法功能 Ⅰ.不定式作主语 谓语动词用单数形式。若不定式结构比较复杂，往往用it作形式主语，真正的主语放在句子的后面。 To catch the 5:00 bus early in the morning is not a good idea. 赶早晨5点的公共汽车不是个好主意。 It is not a good idea to catch the 5:00 bus early in the morning. 赶早晨5点的公共汽车不是个好主意。; [??津] 若要说明不定式的动作的执行者，可以在不定式前面加上“for＋名词或代词”结构，或是“of＋名词或代词”结构。可用于“of＋名词/代词＋动词不定式”结构中作表语的形容词是指那些可以表示人或事物的性质或品质的好坏的形容词。如：careful，cruel，foolish，brave，good，honest，kind，rude，polite，nice，stupid，selfish，silly，wise，thoughtful，wrong等。; It is a great pleasure for me to talk with him. 和他交谈对我来说是很大的乐趣。 It is very kind of you to help me. 你帮我真是太好了。 ;①It is common __________(find) this type of poetry，calligraphy art, hanging in people’s homes. ②If you live in a cold climate, it will be important _