机械工程专业英语配套教材课件完整版电子教案.pptx

机械工程专业英语247页完整版课件正版可修改PPTPART 1 MaterialsUnit 1 Engineering MaterialsUnit 2 Mechanical Properties of MetalsUnit 3 SteelsUnit 4 Cast IronUNIT 5 Stainless SteelsUnit 1 Engineering MaterialsNew words and expressionsUnit 1 Engineering MaterialsAll products that come out of industry consist of at least one and often many types of materials. The most obvious example is the automobile. A car contains a wide variety of materials, ranging from glass to steel to rubber, plus numerous other metals and plastics.The number of materials which are available to the engineer in industry is almost infinite. The various compositions of steel alone run into the thousands. It has been said that there are more than 10，000 varieties of glass, and the numbers of plastics are equally great . It addition, several hundred new varieties of materials appear on the market each month. This means that individual engineers and technicians cannot hope to be familiar with all the properties of all types of materials in their numerous forms. All he can do is try to learn some principles to guide him in the selection and processing of materials.The properties of a material originate from the internal structure of that material. This is analogous to saying that the operation of a TV set depends on the components and circuits within that set. The internal structures of materials involve atoms, and the way atoms are associated with their neighbors into crystals, molecules, and microstructures.It is convenient to divide materials into three main types: (1) metals (2) plastics or polymers and (3) ceramics.Characteristically, metals are opaque, ductile, and good conductors of heat and electricity. Plastics (or polymers), which usually contain light elements and have relatively low density, are generally insulators, and are flexible and formable at relatively low temperatures. Ceramics, which contain compounds of both metallic and nonmetallic elements, are usually relatively resistant to severe mechanical,