2018年八年级英语第一单元知识点.docxVIP

2018 年部编版八年级英语下册第 1 单元知识点总结 Unit 1 What’s the matter? 一、基础知识 What’ s the matter? 怎么啦？出什么事情了？ 【解析】matter/ m?t?(r)) /n.问题；事情 What’ s the matter with you?= What’s the trouble with you? = What’ s wrong with you? 你怎么了？ 【注】： matter 和 trouble 为名词， 其前可加 the 或形容词性物主代词，wrong 是 adj. 不能加 the 【用法】用于询问某人有什么病或某人遇到什么麻烦、问题其后跟询问对象时，与介词with 连用。即： What’s the matter with sb.? = What’s your trouble? = What’s up? = What happens to sb.? — What’s the matter with you ? — I have a bad cold. I had a cold.我感冒了。 have a cold=catch a cold=have the flu 感冒 have a fever 发烧 have a cough 咳嗽 have a stomachache 胃疼，肚子疼 have a toothache 牙疼 have a headache 头疼 身体部位+ache（疼痛）构成新的复合词 stomach+ache=stomachache 胃疼 head+ache=headache 头疼 tooth+ache=toothache 牙疼 back+ache=backache 后背痛 much too+ 形容词，意为 “ 太...... ”，too much+名词，意为 很多，大量 。 enough【形容、副词】足够的/地，enough 放在名词前后，形容词、副词后。good enough 足够好， enough money=much money lie down 躺下， lie 躺，躺着，过去式 lay； lie 说谎，过去式 lied maybe “或许”，常用于句首，表示可能性，后加句子。Maybe you are right. may be，是情态动词+be 的结构，意为“可能，也许”，后加名词、代词或形容词。He may be angry. sound like+名词代词和从句：“听起来好像。。。” It sounds like you don’t know the truth. It sounds like a good idea. sound+形容词，“听起来，好像”，The music sounds nice. need 需要，实义动词 need+名词，需要某物； need to do sth.需要做某事，主语通常是人，表示人主动的动作：You need to listen carefully during class. need doing sth.主语通常是物，表示被动的动作：Your dirty clothes need washing. get off (the bus) 下（公交车） get on 上车 agree 同意，赞同； agree with sth. 同意某事 如：I agree with that idea. agree to sb. 同意某人的意见 如：I agree to LiLei. trouble 问题，麻烦 ；be in trouble 遇到麻烦，make trouble 制造麻烦 ， have trouble (in) doing sth. =have difficulties (in) doing sth 做 有麻烦。 right away=right now=at once，意为 马上 。 advice [不可数名词]劝告，建议，向…征求意见， give sb. advice on sth.就某事给某人建议； advise [动词] advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 advise sb. doing sth. 15、【复习】exercise 练习、锻炼 当 exercise 意为“练习”时，为可数名词 即可加s 当 exercise 意为“锻炼”时，为不可数名词 即不加s 16. hurt 及物动词，使……疼痛，……受伤，He hurt his leg while exercising. 不及物动词，……（部位）疼。 His leg hurt badly. 17、clean 【动词】打扫，clean the classroom 打扫教室， 形容词：