光通信1光纤systems其言也约而达微臧罕譬而喻可谓继志矣.pptx

请关掉手机善歌者,使人继其声;善教者,使人继其志.其言也，约而达，微而臧，罕譬而喻，可谓继志矣。Chapter 1Fiber Optic Communications Systems1.1 HISTORYEarly Optical CommunicationsHand signals、Smoke signals、Blinker lights、PhotophoneModern Optical Communications1960: The first laser was constructed.1960-1970 Time Period: Many laser applications were proposed. Unguided optic communications system1970:The first truly low-loss fiber was developed fiber optic communications became practical1.2 Basic Communications SystemInformation ChannelTransmitter ReceiverInformation ChannelsUnguided Channels (Atmosphere) Radio Broadcast Television Broadcast Wireless SatelliteGuided Channels (Conducting Wires, Waveguides, Fibers)cable televisiontelephonelocal area networks (LANs)GENERAL OPTICAL SYSTEMReceiverTransmitterDestinationMessage OriginModulatorProcessorElectric DomainDetectorCarrier Source Optic DomainCouplerCouplerChannel1.2.1 Message Origin: Puts the message into electrical form. 1.2.2 Modulator: Converts, ImpressesAnalog (continuous) TimeDigital (discrete)1 0 1 0 1Time1.2.3 Carrier Source: Generates the lightwave on which the information is carried.Common devices : laser diode (LD), light emitting diode (LED)Carrier SourceElectrical Domain Optical DomainELECTRICALCURRENT, IinOPTICAL POWER, POUTIntensity modulation (IM):Optic Power (P)Input current (I)1.2.4 Channel Coupler: Couples light from the source to the fiber channel. Acceptance angleLight rayLight SourceFiber1.2.5 Information channel: Glass (or plastic) fibers that are the transmission medium.Desirable properties: 1) Low attenuation (losses limit path lengths) 2) Large light-acceptance cone angle 3) Low pulse waveform distortionPulse Distortion (Pulse Spread)Input PowertPowertWaveform after a short travel distance PowertWaveform after further travel Optical amplifiersRepeaters (Regenerators)Used in both digital system and analog systemUsed in digital systemCompensate signal attenuationReconstitute both power and waveshapeSimpler, cheaperMo