车辆工程课件forging锻造.docVIP

Forging 锻造 The forging is the way that offered the blank mechanical industry. It not only can attach the shape of the metal parts, but also can change the internal performance of the metal and at the same time improve the physical and chemical properties of the metal. For example the “hammer”. 锻造是机械工业中提供毛坯的一种方法。它不仅赋予金属零件形状，并且改善了其内部性能，同时提高了金属的物理化学性能。例如制作“榔头” Sort分类： Sort by the temperature when the metal produced deformation按金属变形时的温度分： hot forging热锻 cold forging冷锻 warm forging温锻 Sort by the force按工作时的受力: hand force forging手工锻 mechanical forging机械锻 in mbechanical forging there are also several different kinds在机械锻中根据所用设备和工具不同分类: open die forging自由锻 die forging模锻 special forging特种锻造 Characteristics of the forging锻造的特点： (1)it can improve the organization of the metals and also improve the mechanical and physical property. 锻造不仅可以改善金属的组织还可以提高其力学及乌力学性能。 For example: though the hit the coarser grain can become much fine, and fiber tissue can be formed. It will improve the plastic and the impact toughness of the metal parts.通过锻造，可以将粗大的晶粒击碎成细小的晶粒，并形成纤维组织，从而提高金属零件的塑性及冲击韧性。 (2)higher produce rate. 有较高的生产率。 For example: in the class our teacher told us that though the die forging every 100 tons steel, can reduce 2 to 8 workers than machining, and also need much less machine tools the number is about 15000. Heat before the forging锻前加热： Purpose：improve the plastic of the metal, reduce the deformation resistance and can obtain the better organization after forging. 提高金属塑性，降低变形抗力，获得良好的锻后组织。 Two ways of heat两种加热方法： Flame heating火焰加热：600 to 800 degree Electric heating电加热：the simple explain is the blank have a resistor and a current though the circuit with the blank, it makes the heat.