考研英语一阅读理解真题.pdfVIP

考研英语一阅读理解真题 考研英语一阅读理解真题 1 Text 1 Among the annoying cha enges facing the middle class is one that wi probably go unmentioned in the next presidentia campaign: What happens when the robots come for their jobs? Dont dismiss that possibility entirely. About half of U.S. jobs are at high risk of being automated, according to a University of Oxford study, with the middle class disproportionately squeezed. Lower-income jobs like gardening or day care dont appeal to robots. But many middle-class occupations-trucking, financial advice, software engineering — have aroused their interest, or soon wi . The rich own the robots, so they wi be fine. This isnt to be alarmist. Optimists point out that technologica upheaval has benefited workers in the past. The Industria Revolution didnt go so we for Luddites whose jobs were displaced by mechanized looms, but it eventua y raised living standards and created more jobs than it destroyed. Likewise, automation should eventua y boost productivity, stimulate demand by driving down prices, and free workers from hard, boring work. But in the medium term, middle-class workers may need a lot of help adjusting. The first step, as Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee argue in The Second Machine Age, should be rethinking education and job training. Curriculums —from grammar school to college- should evolve to focus less on memorizing facts and more on creativity and complex communication. Vocational schools should do a better job of fostering problem-solving skills and helping students work alongside robots. Online education can supplement the traditional kind. It could make extra training and instruction affordable. Professionals trying to acquire new skills will be able to do so without going into debt. The challenge of coping with automation underlines the need for the U.S. to revive its fading business dynamism: Sta